Isincoko sokufudumala kwehlabathi: - Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuye kwaba ngumba oxhalabisayo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Sinee-imeyile ezininzi zokuthumela isincoko malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Kutshanje isincoko malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi sibe ngumbuzo oqikelelwayo kwibhodi nganye okanye uviwo olukhuphisanayo. Yiyo loo nto iSikhokelo seQela iToExam ikubona kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthumela izincoko ezithile malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Ngoko ngaphandle kokuchitha MINUTE
Masingene kwizincoko –
Amagama angama-50 esincoko ngokufudumala kweHlabathi (Isincoko soku-1 sokufudumala kwehlabathi)
Ukwanda kobushushu bomhlaba obubangelwa ziigesi zegreenhouse kwaziwa ngokuba kukufudumala kwehlabathi. Ukufudumala kwehlabathi yingxaki yehlabathi eye yatsala ingqalelo yehlabathi lanamhlanje kumaxesha amva nje.
Iqondo lobushushu bomhlaba liyenyuka mihla le yaye oko kuye kwazisa isisongelo kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo zeli hlabathi. Abantu kufuneka bazazi izizathu zokufudumala kwehlabathi kwaye kufuneka bazame ukukulawula.
Amagama angama-100 esincoko ngokufudumala kweHlabathi (Isincoko soku-2 sokufudumala kwehlabathi)
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi yinto eyingozi eyenzeka kwihlabathi lonke. Ibangelwa yimisebenzi yabantu kunye neenkqubo zesiqhelo zendalo ngokunjalo. Ukufudumala kwehlabathi sisizathu sokutshintsha kwemozulu kwihlabathi liphela.
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kubangelwa ngenxa yeegesi ze-greenhouse. Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kubangela ukunyuka kobushushu obuqhelekileyo bomhlaba. Iphazamisa imo yezulu ngokwandisa imvula kwezinye iindawo ize iyinciphise kweminye.
Ubushushu bomhlaba buyanda umhla nezolo. Ngenxa yongcoliseko, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, njl.
Ukunqanda ukufudumala kwehlabathi kufuneka siqalise ukutyala imithi kwaye sikhuthaze nabanye ukuba benze okufanayo. Sinokwenza abantu bayiqonde imiphumo yokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Amagama angama-150 esincoko ngokufudumala kweHlabathi (Isincoko soku-3 sokufudumala kwehlabathi)
Abantu benza umonakalo kulo mhlaba ukuze banelise iintswelo zabo zobuqu. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-18, abantu baqala ukutshisa isixa esikhulu samalahle ne-oyile, kwaye ngenxa yoko, isixa sekharbon diokside kwiatmosfera yomhlaba senyuke phantse ngama-30%.
Kwaye idatha eyoyikisayo yeza phambi kwehlabathi ukuba i-avareji yobushushu behlabathi inyuka nge-1%. Kutshanje ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuye kwaba ngumbandela oxhalabisa ihlabathi.
Ubushushu bomhlaba buyanda mihla le. Ngenxa yoko, imikhenkce iyaqalisa ukunyibilika. Siyazi ukuba xa umkhenkce uyanyibilika, ngoko umhlaba wonke uya kuba ngaphantsi kwamanzi.
Izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ungcoliseko lwendalo esingqongileyo, iigesi zegreenhouse, njl.njl. zinoxanduva lokufudumala kwehlabathi. Kufuneka kumiswe ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukusindisa umhlaba kwintlekele ezayo.
Amagama angama-200 esincoko ngokufudumala kweHlabathi (Isincoko soku-4 sokufudumala kwehlabathi)
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kungumba ophambili kwimekobume yanamhlanje. Yinto eyenzekayo yokwandisa ubushushu obuphakathi bomhlaba. Ibangelwa kukwanda kwekharbon diokside kunye nezinye izibaso zefosili ezikhutshwa ngokutshiswa kwamalahle, ukuziqhelanisa nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yabantu.
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kukhokelela ukuba imikhenkce inyibilike, itshintshe imeko yemozulu yomhlaba kwaye ibangele iingozi zempilo ezahlukeneyo ngokunjalo. Ikwamema iintlekele zemvelo ezininzi emhlabeni. Izikhukula, imbalela, ukhukuliseko lomhlaba, njl.njl zonke ziziphumo zokufudumala kwehlabathi nto leyo ebonisa ingozi esondelayo kubomi bethu.
Nangona kukho oonobangela bendalo obahlukeneyo, uMntu ukwanoxanduva lokufudumala kwehlabathi. Ukwanda kwabemi bafuna ubutyebi obuninzi nangakumbi obuvela kokusingqongileyo ukwenza ubomi babo bube lula kwaye bukhululeke. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo okungasikelwanga mda kwemithombo kwenza ukuba izibonelelo zicutheke.
Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, siye sabona utshintsho oluninzi olungaqhelekanga kwimozulu emhlabeni. Kucingelwa ukuba zonke ezi nguqu zibangelwa kukufudumala kwehlabathi. Ngokukhawuleza kufuneka sithathe amanyathelo okulawula ukufudumala kwehlabathi.
Imisebenzi yabantu efana nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kufuneka ilawulwe, kwaye kufuneka kutyalwe inani elingakumbi nangakumbi lemithi ukulawula ukufudumala komhlaba.
Amagama angama-250 esincoko ngokufudumala kweHlabathi (Isincoko soku-5 sokufudumala kwehlabathi)
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi yingxaki enzima umhlaba ojongene nayo ngoku. Ubushushu bomhlaba wethu buya phezulu mihla le. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zinoxanduva loku.
Kodwa eyona nto iphambili noyena nobangela wokufudumala kwehlabathi ziigesi zegreenhouse. Ngenxa yokwanda kwerhasi yegreenhouse emoyeni iqondo lobushushu bomhlaba liyenyuka.
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kunoxanduva lokutshintsha kwemozulu kulo Mhlaba. Umthamo owandisiweyo weCarbon dioxide emoyeni kunye nezinye iigesi zegreenhouse ezikhutshwa ngenxa yokutshiswa kwamafutha eefosili nezinye izinto ezenziwa ngabantu kuthiwa ngoyena nobangela wokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Ezinye izazinzulu ziye zaqikelela ukuba ubushushu bomhlaba bunokunyuka ngesi-1.4 ukusa kwisi-5.8 ngokukaCelsius kwiminyaka engamashumi asibhozo ukuya kwelishumi. Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kunoxanduva lokunyibilika komkhenkce.
Esinye isiphumo esithe ngqo sokufudumala kwehlabathi kukutshintsha kwemozulu engaqhelekanga emhlabeni. Kule mihla iinkanyamba, ukugqabhuka kwentaba-mlilo, nezitshingitshane zibangela umonakalo kulo mhlaba.
Ngenxa yokutshintsha kwamaqondo obushushu emhlabeni, indalo iziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Ngaloo ndlela ukufudumala kwehlabathi kufuna ukulawulwa ukuze esi sijikelezi-langa sihle sihlale siyindawo ekhuselekileyo kuthi ngalo lonke ixesha.
Amagama angama-300 esincoko ngokufudumala kweHlabathi (Isincoko soku-6 sokufudumala kwehlabathi)
Ihlabathi lenkulungwane yama-21 lijike laba lihlabathi lokhuphiswano. Ilizwe ngalinye lifuna ukuba ngcono kunelinye kwaye ilizwe ngalinye likhuphisana nelinye ukubonisa ukuba lingcono kunelinye.
Kule nkqubo, bonke bayayihoya indalo. Njengesiphumo sokubeka indalo ecaleni kwinkqubo yophuhliso lweengxaki ezifana nokufudumala kwehlabathi kuye kwavela njengesoyikiso kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje.
Ukufudumala nje kwehlabathi yinkqubo yokwanda okuqhubekayo kobushushu bomhlaba. Indalo isinike izipho ezininzi kuthi kodwa isizukulwana sinoburhalarhume kubo kangangokuba baqala ukusebenzisa indalo ngezibonelelo zabo ezikhokelela kwindlela yokutshatyalaliswa.
Izinto ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi, iigesi zegreenhouse, nokuncipha kocwecwe lweozone zidlala indima ebonakalayo ekufudumaleni komhlaba. Njengoko siyazi ukuba i-ozone layer ikhusela umhlaba kwimitha ye-ultraviolet eyingozi yelanga.
Kodwa ngenxa yokuncipha kwe-ozone layer, imitha ye-UV iza ngqo eMhlabeni kwaye ayifudumeza nje umhlaba kuphela kodwa ibangela izifo ezahlukeneyo phakathi kwabantu bomhlaba.
Kwakhona ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga okungaqhelekanga kwendalo kunokubonwa kulo mhlaba. Kule mihla sibona imvula engalindelekanga, imbalela, ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo, njalo njalo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi.
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi nako kukhokelela ekunyibilikeni komkhenkce. Kwelinye icala, ungcoliso kucingelwa ukuba ngomnye unobangela oyintloko wokufudumala komhlaba. Ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobugcisa, abantu bayayingcolisa imekobume yaye loo nto yongeza amafutha kubushushu behlabathi.
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi akunakuyekwa ngokupheleleyo njengoko ezinye izinto zendalo zikwangunobangela wako. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo sinokuyilawula ngokulawula izinto ezenziwe ngabantu ezibangela ukufudumala kwehlabathi.
Amagama angama-400 esincoko ngokufudumala kweHlabathi (Isincoko soku-7 sokufudumala kwehlabathi)
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngomnye wemiba eyothusayo kule nkulungwane. Yinkqubo yokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kweqondo lobushushu kumphezulu womhlaba. Inefuthe elithe ngqo kwimeko yemozulu yomhlaba.
Kwingxelo yakutshanje (2014) ye-arhente yokhuseleko lweNdalo, iqondo lobushushu bomhlaba linyuke malunga ne-0.8 degrees kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo.
Izizathu zokufudumala kwehlabathi: - Kukho oonobangela abahlukeneyo bokufudumala kwehlabathi. Phakathi kwazo, ezinye zingoonobangela bendalo ngelixa ezinye zingoonobangela abenziwe ngabantu. Esona sizathu sibalulekileyo esinoxanduva lokufudumala kwehlabathi "yi-greenhouse gases". Iigesi zeGreenhouses aziveliswa kuphela ziinkqubo zendalo kodwa nayimisebenzi ethile yabantu.
Ngenkulungwane yama-21, abemi bomhlaba baye banda kangangokuba abantu bayonakalisa iatmosfera ngokugawula intaphane yemithi yonke imihla. Ngenxa yoko, iqondo lobushushu bomhlaba liyanda imihla ngemihla.
Ukuwohloka kocwecwe lweozone ngomnye unobangela wokufudumala kwehlabathi. Ngenxa yokukhula kokukhutshwa kweeklorofluorocarbons, i-ozone layer iyancipha imihla ngemihla.
Iozone layer ikhusela umphezulu womhlaba ngokuthintela imitha yelanga eyingozi ukuba iphume emhlabeni. Kodwa ukuwohloka ngokuthe ngcembe kocwecwe lweozone kubangela ukufudumala kwehlabathi phezu komhlaba.
Isiphumo sokufudumala kwehlabathi: - Isiphumo sokufudumala kwehlabathi ngumcimbi oxhalabisa ihlabathi lonke. Ngokwengxelo ye-US Geological Survey, ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi, kwi-150 ye-glaciers ebekwe kwipaki yesizwe yomkhenkce e-Montana ngama-25 kuphela ama-glaciers asele.
Kwelinye icala, iqondo elikhulu lotshintsho lwemozulu lunokubonwa kumhlaba kumaxesha akutshanje njengesiphumo sokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Izisombululo zokufudumala kwehlabathi: - Ukufudumala kwehlabathi akunakupheliswa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kunokulawulwa. Ukuze silawule ukufudumala kwehlabathi ekuqaleni, thina, bantu balo mhlaba kufuneka siqaphele.
Abantu abanakwenza nto kukufudumala kwehlabathi okwenziwe yindalo. Kodwa sinokuzama ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse emoyeni. Abantu kufuneka kwakhona balungiselele iinkqubo zokwazisa ezahlukeneyo phakathi kwabantu abangaziyo ukulawula ukufudumala kwehlabathi.
Isiphelo: - Ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngumba wehlabathi lonke ekufuneka ulawulwe ukuze kusindiswe umhlaba kwingozi esondeleyo. Ubukho bempucuko yabantu kulo mhlaba buxhomekeke kwimpilo yalo mhlaba. Impilo yalo mhlaba iya isiba maxongo ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi. Ngaloo ndlela kufuneka ilawulwe sithi ukusisindisa kunye nomhlaba ngokunjalo.
Amazwi okugqibela
Ke sikwinxalenye yokugqibela yesincoko sokufudumala kwehlabathi okanye isincoko sokufudumala kwehlabathi. Sinokugqiba kwelokuba ukufudumala kwehlabathi akuyongxaki kuphela kodwa kwakhona kuyingozi kule planethi eluhlaza. Ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngoku sele kungumba wehlabathi. Ihlabathi liphela linikel’ ingqalelo kulo mbandela.
Ngoko isicatshulwa sokufudumala kwehlabathi okanye inqaku malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi sisihloko esifunekayo ekufuneka sixoxwe kuyo nayiphi na iblogi yezemfundo. Ngaphandle koko, iimfuno ezinkulu zabafundi be-GuideToExam siphefumlelwe ukuba sithumele ezo zincoko malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi kwibhlog yethu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, siye saqaphela ukuba isincoko malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi okanye ukufudumala kwehlabathi isincoko ngoku sele sibe ngumbuzo oqikelelwayo kwiibhodi ezahlukeneyo kunye neemviwo ezikhuphisanayo.
Ke sicinga ngokuthumela izincoko ezithile malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi kubafundi bethu ukuze nabo bafumane uncedo kwi-GuideToExam ukulungiselela intetho malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi okanye inqaku elimalunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi ngokwemfuno yabo.
Masize kuNgcoliseko lweNdalo kunye noTshintsho lweMozulu vol.6(1).
I-Physics ye-Global Warming-cooling Cycles.