intshayelelo
Eyaziwa ngokuba ngumlweli wenkululeko waseIndiya kunye nenkokeli eyancama ukuzingca ngeli lizwe, uBal Gangadhar Tilak uhlala engumntu ohlonitshwa kakhulu kwimbali yaseIndiya.
Amagama ali-100 Lokmanya Tilak Isincoko ngesiNgesi
Inkokeli yamaKomanisi uBal Gangadhar Tilak wazalelwa kwisithili saseRatnagiri eMaharashtra, ngomhla we-23rd kaJulayi 1856, njengoKeshav Gangadhar Tilak. Ifumaneka eSangameshwar taluk, ilali yakhe yakudala yayiyiChikhali. Kwiminyaka eyi-16, uGangadhar Tilak wasweleka, eshiya uTilak utata owayengutitshala wesikolo.
Iimvakalelo zakhe zobuzwe ezizimiseleyo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba okanye ukuxhasa imisebenzi yenguquko zazikho kwasebuncinaneni bakhe. Ngokutsho kwakhe, uPurna Swaraj kufuneka alawulwe yedwa, kwaye akazange abize nto ngaphantsi koko.
Amatyeli aliqela wavalelwa entolongweni ngenxa yenkxaso yakhe evulekileyo yokulwa neBritani. Nangona wayecinga ukuba iCongress kufuneka ithathe indlela engqongqo yokufuna inkululeko emva kweLucknow Pact ka-1916, wazibandakanya ne-Indian National Congress emva kokuba isekiwe.
Amagama ali-150 Lokmanya Tilak Isincoko ngesiNgesi
Wazalelwa eRajnagar ngoJulayi 22, 1856, uBal Ghangadhar Tilak wafudukela eIndiya ngo-1857. Uyise wayengumfundisi wesikolo, nangona wayephuma kwintsapho yasebukhosini. Isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo iPoona yayisisikolo sakhe sokuqala, kwaye iKholeji yaseDeccan yayiyeyesibini. Ngo-1879 ngunyaka awafumana ngawo isidanga sakhe somthetho.
IIndiya yanamhlanje yakhawulwa nguye, kwaye ubuzwe baseAsia bangeniswa nguye. Emva kokufa kwakhe, uMahatma Gandhi waba ngumlawuli waseIndiya kwaye ifilosofi yakhe ayizange iphile. Ngexesha lomzabalazo wenkululeko, uTilak wazimanya nabanye abalweli benkululeko. Ukulwa ngokuchasene neBritish kwakuyeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokubuyisela iBritane.
Iphephancwadi lesiMarathi elibizwa ngokuba nguThesauri laqaliswa ngowe-1881, kwaza kwaqaliswa iphephancwadi lesiNgesi elithi, Maratha ngowe-1882. UMbutho Wezemfundo waseDeccan wasekwa nguye ngowe-1885. Ngexesha lokuvalelwa kukaTilak iminyaka emithandathu kwintolongo yaseMandalay ngowe-1905, wanikela intetho edumileyo ethi: "USwarajya lilungelo lam lokuzalwa."
Waqala intshukumo yeHome Rule. Ubuzwe baseIndiya bubalelwa kuTilak. Ngomhla woku-1 kuMeyi, ngo-1920, yayingumhla wokufa kwakhe.
Amagama ali-300 Lokmanya Tilak Isincoko ngesiNgesi
I-Ratnagiri (i-Maharashtra) yayiyindlu yaseBal Gangadhar Tilak ngomhla we-23 kaJulayi 1856. Nanini na xa eva amabali amaqhawe, wayenomdla kakhulu. Yayingamabali kayisemkhulu awayewabalisela wona. Iingalo zikaBal Gangadhar zashukuma xa ephulaphule iingoma ezifana noNana Saheb, uTatya Tope, noRani waseJhansi.
Utshintshelo lwenziwa ePoona kuyise uGangadhar Pant. Wakwazi ukuvula isikolo apho esibizwa ngokuba nguAngelo Bernakular. Njengomfundi webanga leshumi, watshata noSatyabhama xa wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu ubudala. IKholeji yaseDeccan yayisisikolo awafunda kuso emva kokugqiba ngempumelelo iimviwo zakhe zematriki. Wanikwa isidanga se-BA ngo-1877. Uphumelele amanqaku wokupasa. Ngenxa yokuphumelela uviwo olusemthethweni, wangeniswa kwi-bar.
UBalwant Rao wayeyigama elinikwe uBal Gangadhar Tilak ngexesha lobuncinci bakhe. Amalungu entsapho namaqabane awo ayebhekisela kuwo njengoBhahali endlwini. UBal Gangadhar Tilak ubizwa ngokuba nguyise uGangadhar.
Amaphephandaba akhe amabini eveki aphehlelelwa. Kwakukho amaphephandaba amabini ngeveki, elinye lesiMarathi nelesiNgesi. U-Bal Gangadhar Tilak wayesebenza kakhulu ngexesha le-1890 ukuya kwi-1897. Ukusekwa kobunikazi bakhe bezopolitiko kwenzeka ngeli xesha. Njengoko abafundi babekhuthaza, baqalisa ukubakhokela.
Abantwana abafanele batshate kwaye abahlolokazi bafanele bakhuthazwe ukuba batshate. Umbutho kamasipala wasePoona wonyule iTilak kwibhodi yayo yabalawuli. Emva kokusekwa kweNdibano, iNdibano yoWiso-mthetho yaseBombay yayisoyikeka. IYunivesithi yaseBombay ikwamwonge ngobudlelwane. UOryan ligama lencwadi ayibhalileyo.
Abalimi baloo mmandla bathwaxwa yindlala eqatha ngowe-1896, ibe wabanceda. URand, ilungu eliselula labasebenzi bakaPoona, uqhube inkqubo yePoona yoThintelo lweSifo. Ityala lokubulala elibandakanya uRant lafakwa kwiBhandari yeBal Gangadhar. Ngowe-1897, oku kwenzeka. Ikhaya leArctic eVeedaj yincwadi exabisekileyo ebhalwe nguBal Gangadhar ngelixa esentolongweni.
Kwakungomhla kaDiwali ngo-1880 ukuba uBal Gangadhar wakhululwa entolongweni. Iphephandaba elibi lelizwe lashicilela elinye lamanqaku akhe e-Kesari. Ngobusuku be-24 kunye ne-25 kaJuni 1907, wabanjwa eBombay. Ukugxothwa iminyaka emithandathu kwanyanzeliswa kuye. Waye wafumana ukuwohloka okukhulu kwempilo ngoJulayi 1920. Ngo-1920, wasweleka.
- 50, 300, 400 Amazwi Isincoko On I Love Yoga ngesiNgesi
- 300, 400, kunye nama-500 amagama esincoko kuAzadi ka-Amrit Mahotsav ngesiNgesi.
Amagama ali-400 Lokmanya Tilak Isincoko ngesiNgesi
Kumlo wokuzimela geqe kweIndiya, abantu abaninzi abadumileyo babandakanyeka, kubandakanya uLokmanya Tilak. Ukuvalelwa entolongweni kukaLokmanya Tilak kwaba sisiphumo sokuthatha kwakhe inxaxheba ngamandla kunye nobunkokeli kwiintshukumo ezininzi zokuzimela kwelizwe lethu kunye nokusekwa kweSwaraj.
Utata wakhe yayinguKeshav Gangadhar Tilak, owayekwaziwa ngokuba nguBal Gangadhar Tilak. Wazalwa ngomhla we-23 kaJulayi 1856 kwisithili saseRatnagiri eMaharashtra.
Ngaphandle kobuncinci bakhe, uBal Gangadhar Tilak wayenobukrelekrele obumangalisayo. Emva kokugqiba imfundo yakhe ePune, wafudukela eNew York. UTapibai wayeneminyaka engamashumi amabini ubudala xa uLokmanya Tilak emtshata. Njengotitshala ngokomsebenzi, uTilak waqala ukufundisa esikolweni emva kokugqiba imfundo yakhe.
Emva kokuba uLokmanya Tilak ethathe isigqibo sokuwushiya umsebenzi wokufundisa aze akhethe ukuba yintatheli, waqala ukusebenza njengonobhala kwaye wazibandakanya noluntu lwakhe.
Kwakukho ukuziphatha kakubi okuninzi kumaNdiya esikolweni nasekholejini ngabaseBhritane, into uLokmanya Tilak wayeyazi kakuhle. Ekuphumezeni inkqubo yenguqu yemfundo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuthanda izwe phakathi kwabafundi baseIndiya, uLokmanya Tilak nabahlobo bakhe baqala izikolo ezitsha kunye neekholeji.
Inkululeko yaseIndiya yabhengezwa nguKeshav Gangadhar Tilak. Inkcaso yakhe kurhulumente waseBritani yayinamandla.
"Swaraj ha majha janma sidha hakka ahe, ani mi to milavnarch" ibhekisela kwinto yokuba ukuzimela kulilungelo lam kwaye ndiya kuphumelela. UTilak wayichasa inkohlakalo eyenziwa yiBritane ngakumaIndiya. Ngoncwadi lwakhe oluthi “Kesari” kunye no “Maratha,” uLokmanya Tilak waseka ukubaluleka kwenkululeko kubomi babantu. Ukudibanisa abantu kunye nokulwela ukuzimela kwamaNdiya, wadala uGanesh Utsav (uGanesh Chaturthi).
Ukusukela oko wayesebenzela ukuzimela kweIndiya, waziwa ngokuba nguLokmanya Tilak. Ngenxa yeli gama, uKeshav Gangadhar Tilak wayesaziwa njengoLokmanya Tilak ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe. Njengenkokeli yokuqala yombutho wokuzimela geqe waseIndiya, wabizwa ngokuba “nguYise wodushe lwaseIndiya.”
ULokmanya Tilak wavalelwa entolongweni ngenxa yenkululeko yamaIndiya. NgoAgasti 1, 1920, waphefumla okokugqibela emva kobomi obude nobunemveliso.
Amagama ali-500 Lokmanya Tilak Isincoko ngesiNgesi
"Lokmanya" Bal Gandhar Tilak uye wabizwa ngokuba "nguBawo weZidubedube zaseIndiya" ngababhali-mbali. UTilak waziwa ngezihloko ezibini ezahlukeneyo. Ithathwa ngabaseBritane njengoyise wodushe lwaseIndiya. Oku kungenxa yokuba wayengumntu wokuqala ukumelana noRhulumente wase-Bhritane ngokuchasene nabantu baseIndiya. Ukususela ngelo xesha ukuya phambili, uRhulumente wase-Bhritane e-Indiya akazange abuye.
I-British Raj yanyanzela amaNdiya ukuba aphile kwiimeko ezinzima ngenxa yeTilak. Yayiyindoda eyayibazisa ngamalungelo abo. Ubukhosi baseIndiya akufuneki bunikezelwe kulo naliphi na ilizwe okanye umntu ngaphandle kweTilak.
Ngokutsho kwamaNdiya, “wayenguLokmanya” okuthetha ukuba wayeyindoda eyayiwongwa ngabantu baseIndiya. Wabhengeza ukuba iSwaraj (ukuzilawula) yayililungelo lakhe lobuzibulo, kwaye wonke umIndiya wayeya kulithabatha. Isiqubulo sakhe sasisemilonyeni yawo wonke umIndiya, yaye ngaphambi kukaGandhiji, waba ngowokuqala ukuthatha indlela enzulu ngolo hlobo ngakumaIndiya.
Wayeyindoda yokuqala ukuma kwiBritish Raj, kodwa ukuqonda kwakhe abantu kwakubanzi kakhulu. I-Ratnagiri yidolophu encinci yaselunxwemeni yaseIndiya apho uTilak wazalelwa khona ngoJulayi 23, 1856. Isidanga sakhe soBugcisa boBugcisa sawongwa ngewonga lokuqala. Emva kokuba efumene isidanga sakhe somthetho, waseka isikolo esasigxininisa ubuzwe. U-Kesari noMaratha ngamaphephandaba awaqalayo. Omabini amaphepha agxininise ukubaluleka kwembali yenkcubeko yaseIndiya kunye nokuzithemba (iSwadeshi).
Ubume bezemali baseIndiya bonakaliswe nguRhulumente waseBritane emva kokubamba amandla ezopolitiko eIndiya. Esebenzisa imathiriyeli ekrwada yaseIndiya, urhulumente waseBhritane wenza ezi mpahla waza wanyanzelisa ezi mpahla kumaIndiya ekwakufuneka azithenge. Oku kwakungenxa yokuba imizi-mveliso yabo yayivaliwe ngamaBritane. EIndiya, abantu baseBritane bakwazi ukufumana izinto ezikrwada kwimizi-mveliso yabo baze bathengise iimveliso zabo.
Ukuziphatha koRhulumente waseBhritane kwamcaphukisa uTilak kuba kwakhokelela kubutyebi baseNgesi kunye nobuhlwempu baseIndiya. Ukuze avuselele abantu baseIndiya, wasebenzisa iimantra ezine:
- Ukuthengwa kwempahla yangaphandle
- Imfundo yeSizwe
- I-Independent-Government
- Swadeshi okanye Ukuzithemba
“Asinazo izixhobo, kodwa asizidingi,” watsho kwinginginya. Ukukwaywa (kwempahla yangaphandle) sesona sixhobo sinamandla sezopolitiko. Zibeke emsebenzini wokulungelelanisa amandla akho ukuze bangakwazi ukwala iimfuno zakho”
Emva kokupapashwa kwamanqaku awabangela uxinezeleko nenkathazo kurhulumente waseBritani ngowe-1908, wathothoza iminyaka emithandathu entolongweni. Amagqabaza adumileyo ngeBhagwad-Gita abhalwa kwintolongo yaseMandalay ebudeni beli xesha leminyaka emithandathu. Ngokusebenzisana no-Annie Besant “i-India Home-rule League”, uTilak waseka “iPoona Home-rule League”, eyathi yavusa impikiswano enkulu kurhulumente waseBritane.
Ukususela ngowe-1914 de kwasekufeni kwakhe ngoAgasti 1, 1920, wayeyinkokeli yaseIndiya. Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, wazinikela kuhlanga. IAryas yeArctic kunye neGeeta Rahasya ziincwadi ezimbini azibhalileyo.
EMaharashtra, ukwaseke iminyhadala emibini awayisebenzisayo ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba balwele inkululeko yelizwe lethu. Umnyhadala wakhe weGanpati Jayanti kunye noShivaji Jayanti wakhawuleza waduma kakhulu eMaharashtra ngenxa yemizamo yakhe.
EMaharashtra nakwezinye iindawo ezininzi zelizwe, yomibini le minyhadala ibhiyozelwa ngovuyo nolonwabo. Ukuze avuse amaIndiya kwaye awakhuthaze ukuba alwele inkululeko, uTilak wenza konke okusemandleni akhe. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, wenza igalelo elikhulu kwilizwe lethu.
Ukuqukunjelwa kwesincoko kwiLokmanya Tilak ngesiNgesi
KwakuseBombay, eBritish India, ngomhla we-1st ka-Agasti 1920 ukuba u-Bal Gangadhar Tilak wasweleka eneminyaka eyi-64.