Brown v Board of Education Chidule
Brown v. Board of Education unali mlandu wosaiwalika wa Khoti Lalikulu la ku United States umene unagamulidwa mu 1954. Mlanduwo unali wotsutsa kusankhana mitundu m’masukulu a boma m’mayiko angapo. Pamlanduwo, gulu la makolo aku Africa-America lidatsutsa malamulo a "osiyana koma ofanana" omwe amakakamiza kusankhana m'masukulu aboma. Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri linagamula mogwirizana kuti kusankhana mitundu m’masukulu aboma kumaphwanya mfundo ya Mfundo ya XNUMX ya chitetezo chofanana ndi lamulo. Khotilo linanena kuti ngakhale malo ogwirira ntchito atakhala ofanana, kulekanitsa ana potengera mtundu wawo kunapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wophunzira mosiyanasiyana. Chigamulo chothetsa chiphunzitso choyambirira cha Plessy v. Ferguson "chosiyana koma chofanana" chinali chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pa kayendetsedwe ka ufulu wa anthu. Zinasonyeza kutha kwa tsankho lalamulo m’sukulu za boma ndipo linapereka chitsanzo cha kulekanitsidwa kwa mabungwe ena aboma. Chigamulo cha a Brown v. Board of Education chinali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu kwa anthu a ku America ndipo chinayambitsa chiwawa chomenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe komanso mavuto azamalamulo kuti athetse tsankho. Imakhalabe imodzi mwazigamulo zofunika kwambiri komanso zamphamvu za Khothi Lalikulu m'mbiri ya America.
Brown v Board of Education Kufunika
Kufunika kwa mlandu wa Brown v. Board of Education sikunganenedwe mopambanitsa. Inali nthawi yofunikira kwambiri pagulu lomenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ndipo idakhudza kwambiri anthu aku America. Nazi zina mwazofunikira zake:
Kugubuduza "Osiyana Koma Ofanana":
Chigamulochi chinasintha momveka bwino zomwe zinakhazikitsidwa ndi Plessy v. Ferguson mu 1896, zomwe zinakhazikitsa chiphunzitso "chosiyana koma chofanana". Brown v. Board of Education inalengeza kuti tsankho lenilenilo linali losafanana mwachibadwa pansi pa Mfundo Yakhumi ndi Inayi. Kusiyanitsidwa kwa Sukulu Zaboma:
Chigamulocho chinalamula kuti masukulu a boma asiyanitsidwe ndipo chinasonyeza chiyambi cha kutha kwa tsankho m’maphunziro. Inatsegula njira yophatikizira mabungwe ndi malo ena aboma, kutsutsa tsankho la mafuko lomwe linali lozikika kwambiri panthaŵiyo.
Kufunika Kophiphiritsira:
Kupatula pazotsatira zake zamalamulo komanso zothandiza, mlanduwu uli ndi tanthauzo lalikulu kwambiri. Zinasonyeza kuti Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri linali lokonzeka kulimbana ndi tsankho ndipo linasonyeza kudzipereka kwakukulu kwa ufulu wofanana ndi chitetezo chofanana malinga ndi lamulo.
Zinayambitsa Kulimbikitsa Ufulu Wachibadwidwe:
Chigamulocho chinayambitsa chiwawa chomenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe, ndikuyambitsa gulu lomwe linkamenyera nkhondo kuti pakhale kufanana ndi chilungamo. Zinalimbikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa anthu aku Africa America ndi ogwirizana nawo kuti atsutse tsankho komanso tsankho m'mbali zonse za moyo.
Chitsanzo Chazamalamulo:
Brown v. Board of Education anakhazikitsa chitsanzo chofunika kwambiri chalamulo pa milandu yotsatira ya ufulu wachibadwidwe. Inapereka maziko alamulo otsutsa tsankho la mafuko m’mabungwe ena aboma, monga ngati nyumba, zoyendera, ndi mavoti, kutsogoza ku chipambano chowonjezereka pankhondo yomenyera ufulu wofanana.
Kusunga Zolinga za Constitutional:
Chigamulocho chinatsimikiziranso mfundo yakuti ndime yachitetezo chofanana yachigwirizano cha XNUMX imagwira ntchito kwa nzika zonse komanso kuti kusankhana mitundu n’kosagwirizana ndi mfundo zazikulu za Malamulo Oyendetsera Dziko. Zinathandiza kuteteza ufulu ndi ufulu wa anthu omwe anali oponderezedwa komanso kupititsa patsogolo chilungamo chamtundu.
Pazonse, mlandu wa Brown v. Board of Education unasintha kwambiri kayendetsedwe ka ufulu wachibadwidwe, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pakulimbana kwa kusiyana pakati pa mafuko ndi chilungamo ku United States.
Brown v Board of Education Kusankha
Pachigamulo chosaiwalika cha Brown ndi Board of Education, Khoti Lalikulu la ku United States linagwirizana kuti kusankhana mitundu m’masukulu a boma kunaswa lamulo la m’chigawo cha 1952th Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. Mlanduwo unakambidwa kukhoti mu 1953 ndi 17 ndipo pamapeto pake unagamulidwa pa May 1954, 1896. Lingaliro la Khotilo, lolembedwa ndi Chief Justice Earl Warren, linanena kuti “masukulu ophunzirira siyana n’ngosagwirizana.” Inanenanso kuti ngakhale zida zogwirira ntchitozo zinali zofanana, mchitidwe wolekanitsa ophunzira potengera mtundu wawo udapangitsa mchitidwe wamanyazi ndi kudziona kuti ndi otsika zomwe zidasokoneza maphunziro awo ndi chitukuko chawo chonse. Khotilo linakana lingaliro lakuti kusankhana mitundu kutha kuonedwa ngati kovomerezeka kapena kovomerezeka malinga ndi mfundo zachitetezo chofanana cha XNUMXth Amendment. Chigamulocho chinasokoneza chitsanzo choyambirira "chosiyana koma chofanana" chomwe chinakhazikitsidwa mu Plessy v. Ferguson (XNUMX), chomwe chinalola kuti pakhale tsankho malinga ngati panali malo ofanana omwe amaperekedwa kwa mtundu uliwonse. Khotilo linanena kuti kusankhana masukulu aboma chifukwa cha mtundu kunali kosemphana ndi malamulo ndipo linalamula kuti mayiko azisiya masukulu awo “mwachangu mwadala.” Chigamulochi chinapereka maziko oti pamapeto pake achotsedwenso m'malo ogwirira ntchito za boma ndi mabungwe m'dziko lonselo. Chigamulo cha a Brown v. Board of Education chinasintha kwambiri gulu lomenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ndipo chinachititsa kuti pakhale kusintha pa nkhani ya malamulo okhudza kusankhana mitundu. Inalimbikitsa zoyesayesa zothetsa tsankho, ponse paŵiri m’masukulu ndi m’malo ena aboma, ndipo inasonkhezera chisonkhezero champhamvu ndi mavuto azamalamulo kuti athetse makhalidwe atsankho anthaŵiyo.
Brown v Board of Education Background
Tisanakambirane za nkhani ya Brown v. Board of Education makamaka, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa za tsankho ku United States mkati mwa zaka za m'ma 20. Pambuyo pa kuthetsedwa kwa ukapolo pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiŵeniŵeni ya ku America, Afirika Achimereka anakumana ndi tsankho ndi ziwawa zofala. Malamulo a Jim Crow adakhazikitsidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19 komanso koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20, kukakamiza kusankhana mitundu m'malo aboma monga masukulu, mapaki, malo odyera, ndi zoyendera. Malamulowa anali ozikidwa pa mfundo “yosiyana koma yofanana”, yomwe imalola kuti pakhale malo osiyana malinga ngati amaonedwa kuti ndi ofanana muubwino. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, mabungwe omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe adayamba kutsutsa tsankho komanso kufunafuna ufulu wofanana kwa Afirika Achimereka. Mu 1935, bungwe la National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People (NAACP) linayambitsa zovuta zalamulo zotsutsana ndi tsankho pamaphunziro, zomwe zimatchedwa NAACP's Education Campaign. Cholinga chinali kugwetsa chiphunzitso “chosiyana koma chofanana” chomwe chinakhazikitsidwa ndi chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu la Plessy v. Ferguson mu 1896. Njira yalamulo ya NAACP inali kutsutsa kusalingana kwa masukulu opatukana mwa kusonyeza kusagwirizana kwadongosolo muzinthu, zipangizo, ndi mwayi wophunzira maphunziro. Ophunzira aku Africa-America. Tsopano, kutembenukira mwachindunji mlandu wa Brown v. Board of Education: Mu 1951, mlandu wa kalasi unaperekedwa m'malo mwa makolo khumi ndi atatu a ku America ku Topeka, Kansas, ndi NAACP. Oliver Brown, mmodzi wa makolowo, anafuna kulembetsa mwana wake wamkazi, Linda Brown, kusukulu ya pulaimale yoyera yapafupi ndi kwawo. Komabe, Linda ankafunika kukaphunzira kusukulu ya anthu akuda yomwe inali kutali kwambiri. Bungwe la NAACP linanena kuti masukulu opatulidwa ku Topeka anali osagwirizana ndipo amaphwanya chitsimikiziro chachitetezo chofanana ndi lamulo la 17th Amendment. Mlanduwo unafika ku Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri pamene Brown v. Board of Education. Chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu pa mlandu wa Brown v. Board of Education chinaperekedwa pa May 1954, 1950. Linathetsa chiphunzitso cha “kupatukana koma kufanana” m’maphunziro a anthu ndipo linagamula kuti tsankho la mafuko m’masukulu aboma linaswa Malamulo Oyendetsera Dziko. Chigamulocho, cholembedwa ndi Chief Justice Earl Warren, chinali ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu ndipo chinakhazikitsa chitsanzo chalamulo cha kuyesetsa kuthetsa mikangano m'mabungwe ena aboma. Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwa chigamulo cha Khotilo kudakumana ndi zotsutsa m'maiko ambiri, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yayitali yochotsera anthu m'zaka za m'ma 1960 ndi XNUMX.
Brown v Board of Education Nkhani Mwachidule
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 US 483 (1954) Mfundo: Mlanduwu unachokera kumilandu yambiri yophatikizika, kuphatikizapo Brown v. Board of Education ya Topeka, Kansas. Otsutsawo, ana a ku America Achimereka, ndi mabanja awo adatsutsa tsankho la masukulu aboma ku Kansas, Delaware, South Carolina, ndi Virginia. Iwo ankanena kuti kusankhana mitundu m’maphunziro a anthu kunaphwanya lamulo la Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Nkhani: Nkhani yaikulu pamaso pa Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri inali ngati kusankhana mitundu m’masukulu a boma kungatsatidwe ndi lamulo la dziko la pansi pa chiphunzitso “chosiyana koma chofanana” chomwe chinakhazikitsidwa ndi chigamulo cha Plessy v. Ferguson mu 1896, kapena ngati chinaphwanya chitsimikiziro chofanana cha chitetezo cha khumi ndi zinayi. Kusintha. Chigamulo: Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri linagamula mogwirizana mokomera odandaulawo, ponena kuti kusankhana mitundu m’masukulu aboma kunali kosagwirizana ndi malamulo. Kukambitsirana: Khotilo lidasanthula mbiri ndi cholinga cha Mfundo Yakhumi ndi Zinayi ndipo lidatsimikiza kuti omwe adakonzawo sanafune kuti alole maphunziro olekanitsa. Khotilo linaona kuti maphunziro n’ngofunika kwambiri kuti munthu akule bwino komanso kuti kupatukana kumapangitsa munthu kudziona ngati wosafunika. Khotilo linakana chiphunzitso “chosiyana koma chofanana”, ponena kuti ngakhale malo akuthupi anali ofanana, mchitidwe wolekanitsa ophunzira chifukwa cha fuko unayambitsa kusalingana kwachibadwa. Kusankhana, Khotilo lidachita, kulepheretsa ophunzira aku Africa-America mwayi wofanana wamaphunziro. Khotilo linanena kuti kusankhana mitundu m’maphunziro a anthu kunaphwanya lamulo la Gawo la XNUMX la Chitetezo Chofanana. Linalengeza kuti malo ophunzirira osiyana anali osafanana ndipo analamula kuti masukulu aboma achotsedwe “mwadala mwadala.” Zofunika: Chigamulo cha Brown v. Board of Education chinathetsa chitsanzo “chosiyana koma chofanana” chokhazikitsidwa ndi Plessy v. Ferguson ndipo chinalengeza kusankhana mitundu m’masukulu aboma kukhala kosagwirizana ndi malamulo. Zinawonetsa kupambana kwakukulu kwa gulu lomenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe, kulimbikitsa kulimbikitsana kwina, ndikukhazikitsa njira zoyeserera ku United States. Chigamulochi chinakhala chofunikira kwambiri pomenyera ufulu wofanana pakati pa mafuko ndipo ndi imodzi mwamilandu yofunika kwambiri ya Khoti Lalikulu m'mbiri ya America.
Brown v Board of Education Zotsatira
Chigamulo cha Brown v. Board of Education chinakhudza kwambiri anthu a ku America komanso mabungwe omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe. Zina mwazokhudzidwa ndi izi:
Kusiyanitsa kwa Masukulu:
Chigamulo cha a Brown chinalengeza kuti kusankhana mitundu m’masukulu aboma n’kosagwirizana ndi malamulo ndipo kunalamula kuti masukulu asamagawidwe. Izi zidapangitsa kuti masukulu aphatikizidwe pang'onopang'ono ku United States, ngakhale kuti ntchitoyi idakanidwa ndipo idatenga zaka zambiri kuti ikwaniritse.
Chitsanzo Chazamalamulo:
Chigamulochi chinapereka chitsanzo chofunika kwambiri chalamulo chakuti kusankhana motsatira mtundu kunali kosagwirizana ndi malamulo ndipo kunaphwanya chitsimikiziro chofanana cha chitetezo cha XNUMXth Amendment. Chitsanzochi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito potsutsa tsankho m'madera ena a moyo wa anthu, zomwe zinachititsa kuti pakhale gulu lalikulu lolimbana ndi tsankho.
Chizindikiro cha Equality:
Chigamulo cha Brown chinakhala chizindikiro cha kulimbana kwa kufanana ndi ufulu wa anthu ku United States. Zinaimira kukana chiphunzitso “chosiyana koma chofanana” ndi kusalingana kwachibadwa. Chigamulochi chinalimbikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe, kuwapatsa maziko azamalamulo ndi amakhalidwe abwino polimbana ndi tsankho ndi tsankho.
Zina Zokhudza Ufulu Wachibadwidwe:
Chigamulo cha a Brown chinathandiza kwambiri kulimbikitsa gulu lomenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe. Linapereka ochirikiza mkangano womvekera bwino walamulo ndipo linasonyeza kuti makhoti anali ofunitsitsa kuloŵererapo pankhondo yolimbana ndi tsankho. Chigamulochi chinalimbikitsa kulimbikitsana kwina, ziwonetsero, ndi zotsutsa zamalamulo kuti athetse tsankho m'mbali zonse za anthu.
Mwayi Wamaphunziro:
Kugawidwa kwa masukulu kunatsegula mwayi wophunzira kwa ophunzira aku Africa-America omwe adakanidwa kale. Kuphatikizikako kunalola kupititsa patsogolo zipangizo, zipangizo, ndi mwayi wopeza maphunziro apamwamba. Zinathandizira kuthetsa zolepheretsa maphunziro ndikupereka maziko a kufanana kwakukulu ndi mwayi.
Zotsatira Zambiri pa Ufulu Wachibadwidwe:
Lingaliro la a Brown linali ndi vuto lalikulu pazovuta zaufulu wa anthu kupitilira maphunziro. Inakhazikitsa maziko a mavuto olimbana ndi malo olekanitsidwa m’zoyendera, nyumba, ndi malo ogona anthu onse. Chigamulocho chinatchulidwa m’milandu yotsatira ndipo chinatumikira monga maziko othetsera tsankho m’mbali zambiri za moyo wa anthu.
Zonsezi, chigamulo cha Brown v. Board of Education chinasintha kwambiri polimbana ndi kusankhana mitundu ndi kusalingana ku United States. Inathandiza kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya ufulu wachibadwidwe, kulimbikitsa kulimbikitsa kulimbikitsana kowonjezereka, ndi kukhazikitsa chitsanzo chalamulo chothetsa tsankho.
Brown v Board of Education Kusintha
Mlandu wa Brown v. Board of Education sunaphatikizepo kupanga kapena kusinthidwa kwa zosintha zilizonse zamalamulo. M'malo mwake, mlanduwu udayang'ana kutanthauzira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Chigamulo Chofanana cha Chitetezo cha Khumi ndi Zinai Zosintha Malamulo a United States. The Equal Protection Clause, yomwe imapezeka mu Gawo 1 la XNUMXth Amendment, imati palibe boma "lomwe lidzakane kwa munthu aliyense amene ali m'manja mwake chitetezo chofanana cha malamulo." Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri, m’chigamulo chake pa mlandu wa Brown v. Board of Education, linanena kuti kusankhana mafuko m’masukulu aboma kunaswa chitsimikiziro chofanana chachitetezo chimenechi. Ngakhale kuti mlanduwu sunasinthe mwachindunji malamulo aliwonse a malamulo, chigamulo chake chinathandiza kwambiri pakupanga kutanthauzira kwa Gawo lakhumi ndi chinayi ndi kutsimikizira mfundo ya chitetezo chofanana pansi pa lamulo. Chigamulochi chinathandizira kusinthika ndi kukulitsa chitetezo cha malamulo oyendetsera ufulu wa anthu, makamaka pankhani ya kufanana pakati pa mitundu.
Brown v Board of Education Malingaliro Otsutsana
Panali maganizo angapo otsutsana pa mlandu wa Brown ndi Board of Education, woimira maganizo a oweruza osiyanasiyana a Khoti Lalikulu. Atatu mwa oweruzawo adapereka malingaliro osagwirizana: Justice Stanley Reed, Justice Felix Frankfurter, ndi Justice John Marshall Harlan II. Potsutsana ndi maganizo ake, a Justice Stanley Reed adanena kuti Khotilo liyenera kusiya nthambi ya malamulo ndi ndondomeko ya ndale kuti athetse nkhani za tsankho pa maphunziro. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti kupita patsogolo kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu kuyenera kubwera kupyolera mu zokambirana za anthu ndi ndondomeko za demokalase osati kupyolera mwa milandu. A Justice Reed adawonetsa kukhudzidwa kwa Khothi kuphwanya ulamulilo wake ndikusokoneza mfundo za federalism poyambitsa kuchotsedwa kwa benchi. M’kutsutsa kwake, Justice Felix Frankfurter ananena kuti Khotilo liyenera kutsatira mfundo yoletsa kuweruza milandu ndipo ligamule zimene zinakhazikitsidwa pa mlandu wa Plessy v. Ferguson. Iye anatsutsa kuti chiphunzitso cha “osiyana koma chofanana” chiyenera kukhalabe chokhazikika pokhapokha ngati patakhala chisonyezero chowonekera cha cholinga cha tsankho kapena kusalingana m’maphunziro. Justice Frankfurter ankakhulupirira kuti Khotilo siliyenera kusiya kutsatira miyambo yakale yolemekeza zisankho za malamulo ndi akuluakulu. Woweruza milandu John Marshall Harlan Wachiwiri, m'malingaliro ake otsutsana nawo, adafotokoza nkhawa zake zakuphwanyira ufulu wa mayiko komanso kuchoka kwa Khothi. Iye ananena kuti Chigamulo cha Khumi ndi Chine sichinaletse momveka bwino tsankho komanso kuti cholinga cha kusinthaku sichinali kuthetsa nkhani za kufanana kwa mafuko m’maphunziro. Woweruza Harlan ankakhulupirira kuti chigamulo cha Khotilo chinaposa mphamvu zake ndipo chinasokoneza mphamvu za mayiko. Maganizo osagwirizanawa akusonyeza maganizo osiyanasiyana pa ntchito ya Khotilo pothana ndi nkhani zokhudza kusankhana mitundu komanso kumasulira Chisinthiko chakhumi ndi chinayi. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za kusagwirizanaku, chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu pa mlandu wa Brown v. Board of Education chinakhala ngati maganizo a anthu ambiri ndipo pamapeto pake chinachititsa kuti masukulu a boma ku United States asakhalenso m’magulu.
Plessy v Ferguson
Plessy ndi Ferguson unali mlandu wosaiwalika wa Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri ku United States mu 1896. Mlanduwo unali wotsutsa lamulo la Louisiana lofuna kusankhana mitundu m’sitima. Homer Plessy, yemwe adadziwika kuti ndi waku America waku America pansi pa "ulamuliro wa dontho limodzi" la Louisiana, adaphwanya mwadala lamuloli kuti ayese kutsata malamulo ake. Plessy anakwera sitima yapamtunda "yoyera-yekha" ndipo anakana kupita ku galimoto yosankhidwa "yamitundu". Anamangidwa ndi kuimbidwa mlandu wophwanya lamulo. Plessy ananena kuti lamuloli likuphwanya lamulo la Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lomwe limatsimikizira kuchitiridwa zinthu mofanana ndi lamuloli. Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri, mu chigamulo cha 7-1, linagwirizana ndi malamulo a Louisiana. Malingaliro ambiri, olembedwa ndi Justice Henry Billings Brown, adakhazikitsa chiphunzitso "chosiyana koma chofanana". Khotilo linanena kuti kusankhana kunali kogwirizana ndi malamulo a dziko malinga ngati zipangizo zoperekedwa kwa anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana n’zofanana. Chigamulo cha Plessy v. Ferguson chinalola tsankho lovomerezeka mwalamulo ndipo linakhala chitsanzo chalamulo chomwe chinayambitsa ubale wa mafuko ku United States kwa zaka zambiri. Chigamulochi chinavomereza malamulo ndi ndondomeko za "Jim Crow" m'dziko lonselo, zomwe zimakakamiza kusankhana mitundu ndi tsankho m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wa anthu. Plessy v. Ferguson anakhala chitsanzo mpaka pamene Khoti Lalikulu linagamula mogwirizana ndi zimene Khoti Lalikulu linagamula pa mlandu wa Brown v. Board of Education mu 1954. Chigamulo cha Brown chinati kusankhana mitundu m’masukulu a boma kunaphwanya lamulo la Equal Protection Clause ndipo kunasintha kwambiri. kulimbana ndi kusankhana mitundu ku United States.
Lamulo la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe of 1964
Lamulo la Civil Rights Act la 1964 ndi lamulo lalikulu lomwe limaletsa kusankhana motengera mtundu, mtundu, chipembedzo, kugonana, kapena dziko. Imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamalamulo ofunikira kwambiri okhudza ufulu wachibadwidwe m'mbiri ya United States. Lamuloli linasindikizidwa kukhala lamulo ndi Pulezidenti Lyndon B. Johnson pa July 2, 1964, pambuyo pa mkangano wautali komanso wovuta ku Congress. Cholinga chake chachikulu chinali kuthetsa tsankho komanso tsankho zomwe zidapitilirabe m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wa anthu, kuphatikiza masukulu, ntchito, malo aboma, ndi ufulu wovota. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za Civil Rights Act ya 1964 zikuphatikizapo:
Kupatulidwa kwa Malo a Anthu Mutu Woyamba wa lamuloli umaletsa tsankho kapena tsankho m'malo opezeka anthu onse, monga mahotela, malo odyera, malo owonetsera zisudzo, ndi m'mapaki. Limanena kuti anthu sangaletsedwe kapena kuchitiridwa zinthu mosayenera m’malo amenewa potengera mtundu, mtundu, chipembedzo, kapena dziko lawo.
Kupanda tsankho mu Mutu Wachiwiri Woperekedwa ndi Federally Funded Programs umaletsa tsankho mu pulogalamu kapena zochitika zilizonse zomwe zimalandira thandizo lazachuma ku federal. Imakhudza magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza maphunziro, chisamaliro chaumoyo, zoyendera ndi anthu onse.
Equal Employment Opportunity Title III imaletsa kusankhana pa ntchito potengera mtundu, mtundu, chipembedzo, kugonana, kapena dziko. Inakhazikitsa bungwe la Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), lomwe lili ndi udindo woonetsetsa kuti lamuloli likutsatiridwa.
Ufulu Woteteza Ufulu Wachivoti Mutu IV wa Civil Rights Act umaphatikizapo zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuteteza ufulu wovota komanso kuthana ndi tsankho, monga misonkho ndi mayeso owerengera anthu. Linavomereza boma kuti lichitepo kanthu kuti liteteze ufulu wovota ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pali mwayi wofanana pazisankho. Kuphatikiza apo, Lamuloli lidapanganso bungwe la Community Relations Service (CRS), lomwe limagwira ntchito yoletsa ndi kuthetsa mikangano yamitundu ndi mafuko ndikulimbikitsa kumvetsetsana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa madera osiyanasiyana.
Lamulo la Civil Rights Act la 1964 lidachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pakupititsa patsogolo ufulu wa anthu ku United States ndikuchotsa tsankho. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo yalimbikitsidwa ndi malamulo otsatirawa a ufulu wachibadwidwe komanso malamulo odana ndi tsankho, koma ikadali chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri pankhondo yolimbana ndi kufanana ndi chilungamo.