Bwererani ku ndakatulo ya Somme, Bwererani ku Mafunso ndi Mayankho a Somme & Chidule cha Munthu Payekha ndi Gulu

Bwererani ku ndakatulo ya Somme m'malemba a Chingerezi: Nyimbo Yamatope

• Iyi ndi nyimbo ya a matope,
• Dothi lonyezimira lachikasu lotuwa lomwe limakuta mapiri ngati satin; 
• Mtundu wotuwa wonyezimira wasiliva dothi loyalidwa ngati enamel pamwamba zigwa; 
• Kuvulala, kukhumudwa, kuthamanga, matope amadzimadzi omwe amawomba panjira mabedi; 
• Matope okhuthala okhuthala amene amapondedwa ndi kusinja ndi kufinyidwa pansi pa ziboda a akavalo;
• Dothi losagonjetseka, losatha la malo ankhondo. 
• Iyi ndi nyimbo yamatope, yunifolomu ya poilu. 
• Chovala chake ndi chamatope, chake chachikulu kukokera malaya akuflapping, kuti ndichonso chachikulu kwa iye ndi kulemera kwambiri; 
• Chovala chake chomwe poyamba chinali cha buluu ndipo tsopano ndi chotuwa komanso cholimba nacho matope omwe amaphika kwa iwo.
• Awa ndiye matope omwe zovala iye. Buluku ndi nsapato zake zili wa matope,
• Ndi khungu lake ndi matope;
• Ndipo mu ndevu zake muli matope. 
• Mutu wake wavekedwa korona wa a chisoti chamatope.
• Amavala bwino. 
• Iye amavala izo monga mfumu kuvala ermine kuti Bores iye. 
• Iye wakhazikitsa watsopanokalembedwe mu zovala;
• Iye wayambitsa yowoneka wa matope. 
• Iyi ndi nyimbo ya matope yomwe imayendetsa njira yake kunkhondo. 
• The wosayenera, zosokoneza, zopezeka paliponse, zosavomerezeka, 
• Kupsinjika kwakanthawi kochepa, 
• Izo zimadzaza ngalande,
• Izo zimasakanikirana ndi chakudya cha asilikali,
• Zimenezo zimawononga ntchito motere ndi amakwawira muchinsinsi chawo magawo,
• kuti kufalikira yokha pamwamba pa mfuti,
• Izi zimayamwa mfuti pansi ndikuzigwira mwamphamvu muzambiri zake zowonda milomo,
• Izo ziribe ulemu kwa chiwonongeko ndi amachepetsa kuphulika zipolopolo; 
• Ndipo pafupipafupi, mofatsa, mosavuta,
• Zimayatsa moto, phokoso; amachepetsa mphamvu ndi kulimba mtima;
• Amanyowa up mphamvu ya ankhondo;
• Amanyowa kukwera nkhondo. 
• Amangonyowa izo motero amaima izo. 
• Iyi ndi nyimbo yamatope-zonyansa, zonyansa, zonyansa wakuda,
• Manda amadzimadzi a magulu ankhondo athu. Yamiza amuna athu. 
• Mimba yake yotambasuka imanjenjemera ndi akufa osagawika. 
• Amuna athu alowa mmenemo, akumira pang'onopang'ono, ndikuvutikira ndikuzimiririka pang'onopang'ono.
• Amuna athu abwino, olimba mtima athu, amphamvu, anyamata athu; 
• Amuna athu onyezimira, ofuula, aukali. 
• Pang'onopang'ono, inchi ndi inchi, iwo alowa pansi izo,
• Ku yake mdima, makulidwe ake, kukhala chete kwake.
• Pang'onopang'ono, mosaletseka, chinawagwetsera pansi, kuwayamwa pansi,
• ndipo anamizidwa m'matope okhuthala, owawa, owuma. 
• Tsopano izo zimawabisa, O, ochuluka a iwo! 
• Pansi pa pamwamba pake chonyezimira akubisala iwo mosabisa. 
• Pali palibe m'modzi mwa iwo.
• Palibe ayi zindikirani pamene iwo anatsikira pansi.
• Osalankhula wamkulu pakamwa wa matope wawatsekera.
•  Iyi ndi nyimbo ya a matope,
•  The wokongola wonyezimira golide matope ophimba mapiri ngati satin; 
• Zodabwitsa siliva wonyezimiramatope omwe amawazidwa ngati enamel pamwamba pa zigwa. 
• Matope, zobisika za malo ankhondo;
• Matope, chovala cha nkhondo;
• Matope, manda osalala amadzimadzi a asitikali athu: 
• Izi ndi nyimbo ya matope.

Bwererani ku Somme: Mafunso ndi Mayankho

Nkhondo ya ku Somme imene inamenyedwa pakati pa July ndi November 1916 pa Nkhondo Yadziko I, inali imodzi mwa mikangano yokhetsa mwazi kwambiri m’mbiri yonse. Pokhala ndi ovulala pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi, idasiya chizindikiro chosaiwalika kwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo. Pofuna kumvetsetsa bwino chochitika chofunika kwambirichi, tapanga mndandanda wa mafunso khumi ofotokozera ndi mayankho okhudza kubwerera kwa Somme.

Funso 1: Kodi cholinga cha Nkhondo ya Somme chinali chiyani?

Yankho: Nkhondoyo idapangidwa kuti ichepetse kupsinjika kwa asitikali aku France ku Verdun ndikuphwanya mizere yakutsogolo yaku Germany. Idakonzedwa poyambirira ngati chiwonongeko chotsimikizika kwa Allies.

Funso 2: Kodi Nkhondo ya Somme idatha nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Yankho: Nkhondoyo inatenga masiku 141, kuyambira July 1 mpaka November 18, 1916.

Funso 3: Ndani amene adatenga nawo mbali pankhondoyi?

Yankho: Gulu la British Expeditionary Force (BEF) ndi Gulu Lankhondo la ku France, lomwe limadziwika kuti Allies, linamenyana ndi Ufumu wa Germany.

Funso 4: Kodi anthu ovulala pankhondoyo anali ochuluka bwanji?

Yankho: Nkhondo ya ku Somme inachititsa anthu ovulala modabwitsa. Anthu a ku Britain okha anavutika ndi 400,000 akufa, ovulala, kapena osowa, pamene Ajeremani anali ndi pafupifupi theka la milioni ovulala.

Funso 5: Ndi mavuto otani omwe asilikali obwera kuchokera ku Somme anakumana nawo?

Yankho: Asilikali obwerera kuchokera ku Somme anakumana ndi mavuto aakulu akuthupi ndi amaganizo. Zokumana nazo zowawa kwambiri zankhondo zankhondo, kuchitira umboni kufa ndi kuzunzika kwa anzawo, komanso mantha osalekeza akuwukiridwa zidasokoneza moyo wawo.

Funso 6: Kodi panali zotsatira zabwino kuchokera kunkhondoyi?

Yankho: Ngakhale kuti anavulala kwambiri, Nkhondo ya Somme inabweretsa kusintha kwabwino. Zinakakamiza kusokoneza magulu ankhondo a Germany ndipo zinathandiza kuti mayiko ogwirizana nawo apambane pa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse.

Funso 7: Kodi omenyera nkhondo adachitiridwa bwanji atabwera kuchokera ku Somme?

Yankho: Asilikali obwerera kwawo anakumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana pakukonzekera moyo wa anthu wamba, kuphatikizapo kulumala kwa thupi ndi kuvulala m'maganizo. Tsoka ilo, omenyera nkhondo ambiri sanathandizidwe mokwanira ndi anthu ndipo amavutika kupeza ntchito komanso kuthana ndi zomwe adakumana nazo m'nthawi yankhondo.

Funso 8: Kodi Nkhondo ya ku Somme inali ndi tanthauzo losatha la chikhalidwe ndi mbiri?

Yankho: Inde, Nkhondo ya Somme ikadali chochitika chofunika kwambiri m'mbiri, kusonyeza kupanda pake ndi kuopsa kwa nkhondo ya ngalande pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse.

Funso 9: Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani pa Nkhondo ya Somme?

Yankho: Nkhondo ya ku Somme inaphunzitsa akatswiri a zankhondo maphunziro ofunika ponena za nkhondo zamakono. Maphunzirowa akuphatikiza kufunikira kothandizira zida zankhondo bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zophatikizika, komanso kulumikizana bwino pakati pa omenya ndi zida zankhondo.

Funso 10: Kodi nkhondoyi ikukumbukiridwa bwanji masiku ano?

Yankho: Nkhondo ya Somme imakumbukiridwa chaka chilichonse pa July 1st ndipo imakhalabe gawo lofunikira la kukumbukira pamodzi ndi chidziwitso cha mayiko omwe akukhudzidwa. Zikumbutso, zikondwerero, ndi ntchito zophunzitsira cholinga chake ndi kulemekeza anthu omwe akugwa ndikuphunzitsa mibadwo yamtsogolo za zoopsa zankhondo.

Nkhondo ya ku Somme inasiya mbiri yosaiwalika, ikuumba mmene timaonera nkhondo ndi zotsatira zake. Pofufuza mafunso ndi mayankho ofotokozerawa, timamvetsetsa mozama za zovuta komanso kufunikira kozungulira kubwerera ku Somme. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti omwe adamenya nawo nsembe sadzaiwalika.

Kubwerera kuchokera ku Somme: Chidule cha Munthu Payekha ndi Sosaite

Nkhondo ya ku Somme, yomwe inamenyedwa pakati pa July ndi November 1916, ndi imodzi mwa nkhondo zokhetsa magazi komanso zowononga kwambiri m’mbiri ya anthu. Pankhondo imeneyi, miyoyo yambiri inatayika ndipo mbadwo wovulala unabwerera kwawo. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kupereka chidule chofotokozera za momwe nkhondo ya Somme idakhudzira anthu ndi anthu onse. Imawunikira zotsatira zake zazikulu zomwe zidakhala nazo pagulu la psyche komanso kumveka kwake pambuyo pake.

Zokumana nazo za munthu aliyense payekha za asirikali amene anapulumuka nkhanza za pankhondoyo zinali ndi zipsera zakuthupi ndi zamaganizo zimene zimawasautsa kwa moyo wawo wonse. Awo amene anabwerera analimbana ndi zikumbukiro zomvekera bwino ndi zomvetsa chisoni za zinthu zoopsa zimene anaona m’minda ya Somme. Zowawa zankhondo zidasiya kukhazikika kosatha, kuwonetsa ngati post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ndi matenda ena amisala. Anthuwa nthawi zambiri ankavutika kuti ayanjanenso ndi anthu, atalemedwa ndi zochitika zawo, zomwe zinasintha maganizo awo a dziko lapansi.

Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira za Nkhondo ya Somme zidapitilira anthu omwe adakhudzidwa nawo mwachindunji. Kutaya kowononga moyo kunakhudza kwambiri anthu onse. Mabanja anali ndi chisoni chifukwa cha imfa ya okondedwa awo, akulimbana ndi chisoni chachikulu ndi zovuta zomanganso. Madera adasiyidwa atatha, mibadwo yonse idawonongedwa. Mkhalidwe wachisoni umene unali pakati pa anthu pambuyo pa nkhondoyo unkasonyeza kupwetekedwa mtima ndi kulira kwa asilikali ophedwawo.

Pambuyo pa Somme, chiyambukiro pa anthu sichinali kokha ku zipsera zamaganizo zimene imfayo inatsala. Mayendedwe azachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha Sosaite nawonso anasokonekera kwambiri. Nkhondoyo inafuna chuma chambiri, kuthamangitsa antchito ndi zipangizo kutali ndi magulu a anthu wamba. Asilikali atabwerako, ambiri anapeza kuti alibe ntchito kapena akuvutika kuti apeze cholinga m’dera limene likulimbana ndi mavuto ankhondo. Kusasunthika kwa anthu komwe kunayambitsa nkhondoyi kunayambitsa kukhumudwa ndi kukhumudwa pakati pa opulumuka. Izi zinali choncho chifukwa ankafuna kupeza malo awo m’gulu lomwe silinasinthe chifukwa cha mkanganowo.

Ngakhale kuti nkhondo ya Somme inali yovuta kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuvomereza kulimba mtima ndi mphamvu zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi anthu komanso anthu. Izi zinali choncho pamene ankafuna kumanganso moyo wawo. Madera anasonkhana pamodzi kuti azithandizana wina ndi mnzake, kupanga mgwirizano womwe unachiritsa mabala ankhondo. Zipsera za Somme zitha kukhazikika pamtima pawokha komanso gulu. Zinatumikira monga chikumbutso cha zoopsa za nkhondo ndi kofunika kuti tiyesetse mtendere.

Pomaliza,

Pomaliza, Nkhondo ya Somme idakhudza kwambiri anthu komanso anthu. Opulumuka kunkhondoyo anali olemedwa ndi zipsera zakuthupi ndi zamaganizo zomwe zikanasintha kaonedwe kawo ka moyo kosatha. Panthawiyi, anthu akulimbana ndi kutayika kwakukulu kwa moyo, zomwe zinayambitsa mavuto ndi kusintha kwa anthu. Komabe, anthu ndi anthu onse adawonetsa kuthekera komanganso ndi kuchiritsa poyang'anizana ndi chiwonongeko. Kukumbukira kwa Somme kumagwira ntchito ngati chikumbutso chokhudza mtima cha kulumikizana kwakuya pakati pa anthu ndi anthu. Imatikumbutsanso za chiyambukiro chosatha cha nkhondo ndi kufunika kokonda mtendere.

M'nkhani yakuti "Kubwerera kuchokera ku Somme," a Somme amatanthauza dera

France, makamaka dipatimenti ya Somme m'chigawo cha Hauts-de-France. Amadziwika ndi kufunikira kwake kwa mbiri yakale monga malo omwe adaphedwa kwambiri pa Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse, Nkhondo ya Somme. Nkhondo imeneyi inachitika kuyambira July mpaka November 1916.