Isincoko seDemonetisation kunye neNqaku-Yiempembelelo kuMbutho

Isincoko kunye neNqaku leDemonetization kunye neNqaku:- Idemonetization sesinye sezona zihloko zixhaphakileyo eziye zahlala kwiikholam zamaphephandaba ase-India ngo-2016. I-PM yaseNdiya uNarendra Modi uthathe inyathelo elikhaliphileyo ngokuchasene nabaninimali abamnyama ngokubhengeza ukwenziwa kwedemothi ngoNovemba ka-2016.

Ekuqaleni, ukuphunyezwa kwedemonetization kwilizwe elinabantu abaninzi njengeIndiya yayingeyondlela yekeyiki kurhulumente. Ukubhengezwa ngequbuliso kwedemonetization kweli lizwe kudale isiphithiphithi kunye nokudideka phakathi kwabantu abaqhelekileyo belizwe, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe yonke into iba yinto eqhelekileyo.

Kodwa ngenxa ye-demonetization kweli lizwe, isincoko malunga ne-demonetization (lula nje sinokuthi i-demonetization essay) okanye inqaku malunga ne-demonetization ibe ngumbuzo oqhelekileyo kwiimviwo zebhodi ezahlukeneyo zabafundi kukho imfuno ngequbuliso yeencoko ze-Demonetization phakathi kwabafundi.

Ke, i-GuideToExam izisa esona sisombululo ngokukunika lonke ulwazi olufunekayo malunga nesincoko sokwenza imali.

Isincoko sokwenza imali ngo-2017

Ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwemali ethile kunye nokutshintshwa kwayo ngemali entsha ibizwa ngokuba yi-Demonetization. Kwimeko yangoku, kukuthintelwa kwamanqaku emali yecandelo le-500 kunye ne-1000 njengento ethambileyo esemthethweni.

Ngamanye amazwi, kunokutshiwo ukuba ukwenza imali nge-demonetization sisenzo sokuhlutha iyunithi yemali kwimo yayo njengethenda esemthethweni. Kwenzeka xa uhlobo oluthile lwemali lutsalwa ekujikelezweni kwaye inqaku elitsha okanye ingqekembe yemali iqaliswa kwimarike njengokutshintshwa kwendlela erhoxisiweyo yemali.

IiNjongo zokuDala imali

Urhulumente uneenjongo ezahlukeneyo emva kolu lawulo lwemali. Eyona njongo iphambili nephambili kukuzama ukwenza iIndiya ilizwe elingenarhwaphilizo. Kwintetho yakhe eyahlukileyo kwi-demonetization iNkulumbuso yaseIndiya uNarendra Modi ngokucacileyo, ubonisa ukuba eli nyathelo elinesibindi lithathiwe ukufumana ulawulo kurhwaphilizo kweli lizwe.

Okwesibini, yenzelwe ukunqanda imali yabantsundu, okwesithathu ikwalinyathelo lokulawula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okunyukayo, okwesine ukunqanda ukungena kwengxowa-mali kumsebenzi ongekho mthethweni. Kwelinye icala ukwenziwa kwedemothi eIndiya linyathelo elicwangciswe kakuhle kakhulu likarhulumente waseIndiya ukufumana irhafu efanelekileyo kummi.

Ngoncedo lwamanqaku ahlukeneyo malunga ne-demonetization okanye ii-esssays malunga ne-demonetization kumajelo ahlukeneyo, i-economists kunye nabemi abanoxanduva bazama ukwenza abantu abaqhelekileyo bazi ngenzuzo yala manyathelo athathwe ngurhulumente.

Kwisincoko sedemonetization okanye inqaku malunga nedemonetization, kukwayimfuneko ukubeka ukukhanya kwimvelaphi yale nkqubo. Kukho imvelaphi kwisigqibo sangoku se-demonetization ye-500 kunye ne-1000 rupees amanqaku e-India.

Urhulumente ubhengeze ukwenziwa kwedemothi kwilizwe lonke ngomhla we-8 kweyeNkanga ka-2016. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba kubhengezwe ukwenziwa kwedemokhrasi, urhulumente uthathe amanyathelo ambalwa kweli cala.

Njengenyathelo lokuqala neliphambili urhulumente waye wacela abemi ukuba bavule ii-akhawunti zebhanki zasimahla phantsi kweJan Dhan Yojna. Kwakhona urhulumente wesincoko sedemoni ucele abantu ukuba bafake imali yabo kwi-akhawunti ka-Jan Dhan kwaye benze iitransekshini zabo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokulondoloza imali okanye inkqubo efanelekileyo yebhanki kuphela.

Emva koko inyathelo elaqaliswa ngurhulumente yayikukubhengeza imbuyekezo kwaye wayenike umhla wama-30 ka-Okthobha 2016, umhla omiselwe ngawo. Oku kungathathwa njengenyathelo elikhulu ngurhulumente kwinkqubo yokufumana imali.

(Ukuze ubhale isincoko esipheleleyo sedemonetization okanye inqaku malunga nedemonetization okanye isincoko malunga nedemonetization isincoko siya kuba singaphelelanga ngaphandle kokukhankanya le ngongoma iphambili).

Ngale nkqubo, urhulumente okanye abalawuli banokuqoqosha umlinganiselo omkhulu wemivuzo engachazwanga.

Nokuba, kukho abohlukeneyo ababesahlanganisa imali emdaka, kwaye bekhumbula eyona njongo yokujongana nabo; Ulawulo luchaze iinkcukacha malunga ne-500 kunye ne-1000 yeemali zemali.

(Kwisincoko malunga nedemonetization okanye inqaku elimalunga nedemonetization kubaluleke kakhulu kuthi ukuba sichaze izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zokwenza idemonetization. Kodwa kwisincoko esinye sedemonetization okanye inqaku elithetha ngedemonetization elinamagama alinganiselweyo, akunakwenzeka ukukhomba nganye kunye nayo yonke into eluncedo kunye nesithintelo okanye ukufaneleka okanye ukusilela.

Ngoko ke sishiya amanqaku amancinci ngenye imini.) Indlela yokwenza imali ibonwa njengotshintsho lwemali esizweni kodwa esi sigqibo siphuphuma iingenelo ezithile kunye neziphumo ezibi ngokunjalo.

Izinto eziluncedo ngokwenza imali

Ubuchwephesha bokwenza imali buya kunceda i-India ukuba ijije ngaphandle urhwaphilizo. Abo bakuxabisayo ukuthatha iziphumo baya kuyeka ukuziqhelanisa nokuba mandundu njengoko kuya kuba nzima kubo ukugcina imali yabo engachazwanga.

Kwintetho yakhe eyahlukileyo malunga nokwenza imali ngedemon, u-PM uModi ngokuphandle uthi yinkqubo yokubambisa abanini-mali abamnyama ukuze bafumane imali yabo.

Eli nyathelo liya kunceda iqumrhu elilawulayo ukuba lilandele umkhondo wemali efipheleyo okanye emnyama. Emva kokubhengezwa kwedemothi, ngokomthetho omtsha we-govt.

Abo bantu banemali engachazwanga kufuneka babonise umvuzo kwaye bangenise iPAN kuyo nayiphi na intengiselwano yebhajethi yokwenene. Ibhunga lolawulo linokufumana isabelo esihlawulelwayo somvuzo ekungahlawulwanga ngawo amandla.

Eli nyathelo liya kuyeka ukuxhasa ngemali imisebenzi engekho mthethweni ephumelela ngenxa yentlawulo engachazwanga. Ukukhanyela imali ephezulu kuya kujongana nezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezifana nengcinezelo esekelwe kwi-dread and cetera.

Isithintelo sokuthathela ingqalelo kakhulu imali siya kuthi kwangokunjalo sijonge isoyikiso sokurhwaphiliza imali. Ngolo phuhliso ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo lungathatyathwa emva kwaye icandelo lentlawulo yembuyekezo linokubambisa abo bantu bakumcimbi wokurhwaphiliza imali.

Eli nyathelo liza kumisa ukuhanjiswa kwemali yomgunyathi. Inxalenye enkulu yemali yomgunyathi efakwe kwi-intanethi yeyamanqaku abalulekileyo kwaye ukulinganiselwa kwama-500 kunye ne-1000 amanqaku kuya kuphelisa ukuhamba kwemali yomgunyathi.

Eli nyathelo lenze uchulumanco phakathi kwabo bantu bavule iiakhawunti zikaJan Dhan phantsi kweNkulumbuso kaJan Dhan Yojana. Ngoku bangagcina imali yabo phantsi kweli lungiselelo kwaye le mali ingasetyenziselwa uphuhliso lophuhliso lwesizwe.

Indlela yokwenza imali izakuqhubela abantu ukuba bahlawule izikhokelo zovavanyo lwembuyekezo. Uninzi kuluntu ngokubanzi oluyifihlileyo imivuzo yabo kungokunje banyanzelwa ukuba bajongane nokuvakalisa imbuyekezo yabo kunye nokuhlawula amandla ngokufanayo.

Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela isitokhwe ukuya kwi-Rs 2.5 lakh ayizukungena phantsi kophando lwengeniso, abantu kufuneka bangenise iPAN kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile engaphezulu kwe-Rs 50,000 kwimali yokwenyani. Oku kuya kunceda i-ofisi yovavanyo lwembuyekezo ukuba ilandelele abantu abaneendidi eziphezulu zemali.

Injongo egqibeleleyo kukwenza i-Indiya ibe luluntu olungenamali. Zonke iitransekshini zemali mazibe ngokujongana nenkqubo yeerekhodi kwaye umntu ngamnye kufuneka abe noxanduva ngepeni nganye abanayo.

Sisilo esibhadula sisiya kwiphupha lokwenza iIndiya ezenzekelayo. Ukuba, ngaphandle kwayo yonke into yokuba ezi ziluncedo, kukho iimpawu ezimbi zale nkqubo.

Isincoko soSuku lweRiphabhliki

Iimpawu ezimbi zokwenziwa kwemali

Ukubhengezwa kobudemoni bemali kuye kwenza ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kuluntu olubandakanya konke. Bagxalathelana ukuya ezibhankini ukuya kutshintshana, ukugcina, okanye amanqaku atsalayo.

Esi sibhengezo ngequbuliso siye sayichithachitha yonke le meko. Umsindo uyakhula phakathi kwenginginya yabantu njengoko kukho ukuhlehliswa kukuhanjiswa kwemali entsha. Ichaphazele kakhulu ishishini. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali, lonke uqoqosho luye lwenziwa ukuba lime ngxi.

Abasebenzi abahlukeneyo abahluphekayo ngokwenyathelo ngenyathelo basala bengenamsebenzi kwaye imivuzo yabo engatshintshiyo iyekile ngenxa yendlela imibutho engakwazi ngayo ukuhlawula inyathelo ngalinye.

Iqumrhu elenza umthetho liyakrokrela ukuba kunzima ukuyigqiba le nkqubo. Kufuneka ithwale iindleko zokuprinta amanqaku amatsha emali.

Kwakhona kuvakalelwa kukuba kunzima ukubeka imali entsha kwi-circulation. Inqaku le-2000 rupees lubunzima kuluntu olubandakanya konke njengoko kungekho mntu utsiba ithuba lokwenza intengiselwano ngemali ephezulu.

Isibini seentatheli sicinga ukuba kuya kunceda abantu ukuba basebenzise imali ebuthuntu ngempumelelo kwixesha elizayo. Ngaphaya koko, abantu abaninzi baye bawalahla ngokufihlakeleyo amanqaku emali enziwe imali kwaye oku kuyintlekele kuqoqosho lwesizwe.

isiphelo

Iingcali zezoqoqosho ziyakwazi ukuxakekisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifanelekileyo kunye neempawu ezingalunganga zale nkqubo. Indibano ivakalisa ukuba kukho iinjongo zothakazelelo kuphela kwisenzo sokwenza imali yedemothi kwaye oku kuya kufumaneka kwimali yaseIndiya kwixesha elide.

Inkulumbuso yangaphambili uManmohan Singh oyingcali yezoqoqosho, umthunywa we-RBI odlulileyo, kunye noMphathiswa wezeziMali wesizwe, uchaze intshukumo yedemonetization 'njengokuphangwa okulungisiweyo kunye nokuphangwa okuvunyiweyo'.

Kungakhathaliseki, ukuba, ngaphandle kwayo yonke into esiyiqwalaselayo malunga neenzuzo ezichasene neempawu ezimbi, iya kukhuselwa ukuba igqibe kwelokuba ixesha elidlulileyo lidlula le yokugqibela ikhankanywe. Nangona kukho ukuzingisa kunye nentlungu phakathi kwabantu abaninzi ngamaxesha avumayo nangona kunjalo inani lelokuba amanqaku alo anomdla aya kufunyanwa njengoko ixesha lihamba.

Ulawulo lwenze zonke iindlela ezihamba phambili kunye nezenzo zokujongana nesicelo semali kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukuvavanywa kunye neembandezelo zoluntu olubandakanya konke kuya kupheliswa kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwemali entsha.