I-United States Yasabela Kanjani Ekuhlaselweni Kwango-9/11?

I-United States Yasabela Kanjani Ekuhlaselweni Kwango-9/11?

I-United Sama: Ukusabela Okuqinile kwe-United States ekuhlaselweni kwe-9/11

Isingeniso:

Ukuhlasela kwamaphekula kwango-September 11, 2001, kwamangaza i-United States futhi kwashiya uphawu olungenakucimeka emlandweni wesizwe. Lapho ibhekene nalesi senzo sobudlova esinyantisayo, ukusabela kwe-United States kwabonakala ngokukhuthazela, ubunye, nokuphishekela ubulungisa ngokuzimisela. Lesi sihloko sizocubungula ukuthi i-United States yasabela kanjani kulokhu 9/11 ukuhlasela, okubonisa ikhono lesizwe lokuhlangana, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, nokuvela ngamandla.

Ukuqina Nobunye

Esinye sezici ezigqama kakhulu zempendulo yase-US ku-9/11 kwakuwukuqina okuhlangene nobumbano oluboniswa abantu baseMelika. Naphezu kokushaqeka nosizi olwalugubuzele isizwe, abantu baseMelika babuthana ndawonye, ​​besekelana futhi beduduzana. Imiphakathi ezweni lonke ihlele imilindelo yokukhanyiswa kwamakhandlela, izinkonzo zesikhumbuzo, namaqoqo ezimali ukuze kusizwe izisulu nemindeni yazo. Lokhu kubumbana kwakhulisa umuzwa wokuqina owawuzochaza indlela isizwe esisabela ngayo ekuhlaselweni.

Ukuqinisa Ukuvikeleka Kwezwe

Ngemva komhla zi-9/11, i-United States yathatha izinyathelo ezibanzi zokuqinisa ukuphepha kwezwe layo nokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa okuzayo. Ukusungulwa koMnyango Wezokuphepha Kwezwe ngowezi-2002 kwaphawula igxathu elibalulekile ekwenzeni imizamo yezokuphepha ibe lula kanye nokuthuthukisa ukubambisana kwezinhlaka ezihlukene. Ukwengeza, uMthetho we-USA PATRIOT waphasiswa, ovumela ama-ejensi aqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa komthetho ukuthi abelane ngolwazi nangobuhlakani.

I-War on Terror

I-United States yasabela ekuhlaselweni kuka-9/11 hhayi kuphela ngokuqinisa ukuphepha kwezwe lakubo kodwa nangokuphishekela ubulungisa ngenkuthalo. Impi yobushokobezi yaba isisekelo sokugxila kwenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yaseMelika eminyakeni eyalandela ukuhlaselwa. Amasosha aseMelika aqale umkhankaso e-Afghanistan, ehlose ukuhlakaza i-Al Qaeda - inhlangano ebhekele ukuhlasela - futhi asuse umbuso weTaliban owawuwafukamele. Ngokuketula uhulumeni wamaTaliban nokusiza ekusunguleni uhlelo olusha, i-United States yenza buthaka amandla enhlangano yamaphekula.

Ukubambisana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

Iqaphela ukuthi ubuphekula yinkinga yomhlaba wonke, i-United States yafuna ukusekelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kuliwe nalesi sigameko ngokuphumelelayo. Ukusungulwa kwemifelandawonye efana neNorth Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) kwavumela iMelika ukuthi isebenzisane nabalingani bayo futhi yakhe ibutho elibumbene lokulwa nobuphekula. Ngokubambisana, ukwabelana ngezobunhloli, kanye nokusebenza okuhlanganyelwe kwezempi, umphakathi womhlaba uphazamise ngempumelelo amanethiwekhi amaphekula emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukuzijwayeza kanye Nokuqina

Ukuqina okukhonjiswe yi-United States ngemuva kwe-9/11 kudlulele ngale kobunye kanye nokuphepha kwezwe. Lokhu kuhlasela kugqugquzele ukuhlolwa okuphelele kobuhlakani, ezempi, namandla ezokuxhumana, okuholele ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kwemizamo yokulwa nobushokobezi. Ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obusha namaqhinga kukhulise ikhono lezwe lokulindela kanye nokusabela ezinsongweni ngokushesha. Ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuvimbela izenzo zobuphekula, uhulumeni wase-US wasebenzisa imingcele eqinile yokuvakasha kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze kuvikelwe imingcele nezinhlelo zakhe zokuthutha.

Isiphetho

Ukusabela kwe-United States ekuhlaselweni kwangomhla ka-9/11 kwaba isibonelo sokuzimisela kwezwe okungaguquki ukumelana nobushokobezi, ukukhuthaza ukuqina nobunye phakathi kwemingcele yaso. Ngokuqinisa ukuphepha kwezwe, ukuhileleka empini yobushokobezi, ukufuna ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, nokuzivumelanisa nezinselele ezintsha, i-United States yaphakamisa izivikelo zayo futhi yenza inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa okufanayo esikhathini esizayo. Nakuba izibazi ezivela ku-9/11 zizoba yisikhumbuzo esibuhlungu kuze kube phakade, impendulo ye-United States isebenza njengobufakazi bekhono layo lokubuyela emuva ebunzimeni futhi ivele inamandla kunangaphambili.

Isihloko: Impendulo ye-United States Ekuhlaselweni kwango-9/11

Isingeniso:

Ngokungangabazeki, ukuhlasela kwe-United States ngo-September 11, 2001 kwaba nomthelela omkhulu emlandweni wesizwe kanye nendlela eyalandela ngayo. Ukusabela ekuhlaselweni kwe-9/11 kwakunezici eziningi, njengoba i-United States ihlangene ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubulungiswa, ukuphepha, nokuqina ngokumelene nezinsongo ezizayo. Le ndatshana izohlola ukuthi i-United States yasabela kanjani ekuhlaselweni kwe-9/11, ihlola kokubili ukusabela kwamanje kanye nezinyathelo zesikhathi eside ezisetshenziswayo ukuvikela isizwe.

Impendulo Esheshayo:

Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlasela, i-United States yasabela ngokushesha futhi yanquma ukubhekana nosongo olusheshayo futhi yaqala inqubo yokululama. UMengameli uGeorge W. Bush ukhulume nesizwe, eqinisekisa izakhamuzi ukuthi ubulungiswa buzokwenziwa, wafunga wathembisa ukuthi bazoletha abenzi bobubi phambi kobulungiswa, futhi egcizelela isidingo sobumbano nokuqina.

Isinyathelo esisodwa esisheshayo esathathwa yi-United States kwaba ukusungulwa koMnyango Wezokuphepha Kwasekhaya (DHS) ngo-2002. Ukusungulwa kwe-DHS kuhloswe ukuthuthukisa ikhono lezwe lokuvimbela nokusabela ekuhlaselweni kwamaphekula. Ihlanganise izikhungo zikahulumeni ezihlukene ezingama-22, yenza kube lula ukuxhumana nokuxhumana ngenkathi ithuthukisa amathuluzi ezokuphepha.

Impendulo ivela ku- Military:

Ukuhlasela kwe-9/11 kwabangela impendulo eqinile yezempi evela e-United States. Ngaphansi kwe-Operation Enduring Freedom, amasosha ase-US aqale umkhankaso wezempi e-Afghanistan, eqondise umbuso weTaliban, owawuphethe futhi usekela i-al-Qaeda, inhlangano yamaphekula ebhekene nokuhlasela. Inhloso bekuwukuhlakaza ingqalasizinda ye-al-Qaeda bese beletha ubuholi bayo phambi kobulungiswa, okubhekiswe kakhulu ku-Osama bin Laden.

Ukusabela kwamasosha kamuva kwanwetshwa nge-Operation Iraqi Freedom, eyayihlose ukususa uSaddam Hussein emandleni e-Iraq ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqeda izikhali ezibhubhisayo. Ngenkathi ukuxhumana phakathi kwempi yase-Iraq kanye ne-9/11 kamuva kwaphonselwa inselelo, kwagcizelela ukusabela okubanzi kwe-United States kubuphekula bomhlaba wonke.

Izinyathelo Zokuvikela Ezithuthukisiwe:

Ukuze kuvinjwe ukuhlasela kwesikhathi esizayo, i-United States yenze izinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe. I-Transportation Security Administration (TSA) yasungulwa ukuze iqinise izinqubo zokuhlola ezikhumulweni zezindiza, okuhlanganisa ukwethulwa kokuhlolwa kwemithwalo okuqinile, ukuhlola ukuhlonza abagibeli, kanye nemithetho ebanzi yezokuphepha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphasiswa koMthetho we-USA PATRIOT Act ngo-2001 kwanikeza izikhungo zezobunhloli kanye nabezomthetho amandla anwetshiwe okuqapha ukuze balandelele izinsongo ezingaba khona. Nakuba lezi zinyathelo zavusa izinkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana nokukhathazeka kobumfihlo kanye nenkululeko yomphakathi, zazibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ezinye izenzo zobuphekula.

Impendulo ivela ku- Diplomatic:

I-United States iphinde yasabela ekuhlaselweni kwe-9/11 ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokusebenzelana. Bafuna ukubambisana kwezinye izizwe, ukwabelana ngezobunhloli, nokushintshisana ngolwazi ukuze kuliwe nosongo lomhlaba wonke lobuphekula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-United States iye yaqinisa imizamo yokuphazamisa amanethiwekhi okuxhasa ngezimali amaphekula, isebenzisana nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe ukuze inqamule uxhaso lwezimali ezinhlanganweni eziyingozi.

Ukusebenzisana Kwembulunga yonke:

Ukuhlasela kwe-9/11 kuholele ekugxilweni okwengeziwe emizamweni yokulwa nobushokobezi emhlabeni wonke. I-United States yabamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekwakheni imifelandawonye yomhlaba wonke, njengokunxusa kwe-NATO ku-Article 5, okuphawule okokuqala emlandweni wayo ukuthi umfelandawonye ubheke ukuhlasela izwe eliyilungu elilodwa njengokuhlasela kwawo wonke amalungu. Lokhu kubumbana kubonise ukuzimisela okuhlangene ukulwa nobuphekula emhlabeni wonke.

Isiphetho:

Impendulo ye-United States ekuhlaselweni kwe-9 / 11 ibonakala kokubili izenzo ezisheshayo namasu esikhathi eside. Kusukela ekusungulweni kwe-DHS kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe kuye emikhankasweni yezempi kanye nemizamo yokuxhumana, izwe labeka eqhulwini ukuvikela izakhamuzi zalo kanye nokulwisana nosongo lobuphekula. Lezi zimpendulo azifunanga nje kuphela ubulungiswa kwabahlukunyeziwe kodwa futhi zazihlose ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa okuzayo nokukhuthaza ukuvikeleka komhlaba wonke. Ekugcineni, impendulo ye-United States ekuhlaselweni kwe-9/11 yabonisa ukuqina, ubumbano, nokuzinikela okungantengantengi ekugcineni ukuthula nokuvikeleka.

I-United States Yasabela Kanjani Ekuhlaselweni Kwango-9/11?

Isingeniso:

Ukuhlasela kwamaphekula okwenzeka ngo-September 11, 2001, ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi u-9/11, kwaphawula inguquko emlandweni waseMelika. I-United States yasabela kulokhu kuhlasela okulimazayo ngokuzimisela, ukuqina, nokuzibophezela okuqinile ekuvikelekeni kwezwe. Le ndatshana ihlose ukuchaza ukusabela okuhlukahlukene kwe-United States ekuhlaselweni kwe-9/11, igqamisa zombili izinyathelo zesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside ezithathiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezakhamizi zayo kanye nokulwa nobuphekula.

Impendulo Esheshayo:

Ukusabela ngokushesha ekuhlaselweni kwe-9/11 kwakuhilela izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene eziphuthumayo zokuhlinzeka ngosizo, ukuqhuba imisebenzi yokuhlenga, nokubuyisela izinsizakalo eziyisisekelo. Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwabaphenduli bokuqala, izicishamlilo, nabasebenzi bezokwelapha endaweni ye-Ground Zero ukuze basize abasindile futhi bathole izidumbu. Uhulumeni uphinde wavula i-Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) ukuze ixhumanise imizamo yokusiza futhi wethula i-Operation Noble Eagle, umkhankaso Wonogada Kazwelonke ukuvikela izindawo ezibalulekile ezweni lonke.

Ukuqinisa Ukuphepha Kwezwe:

Ukusabela ekuhlaselweni kwamaphekula okungakaze kubonwe, i-United States iqinise kakhulu ingqalasizinda yayo yezokuphepha ezweni. Umnyango Wezokuphepha Kwasekhaya (i-DHS) wasungulwa ukuze uhlanganise ama-ejensi amaningi futhi uthuthukise ukusebenzelana ekuqoqweni kwezobunhloli, ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha, nokulawulwa kwemingcele. Ukwengeza, iTransportation Security Administration (TSA) yasungulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinqubo zokuhlola eziqinile ezikhumulweni zezindiza nakwezinye izindawo zokuthutha.

Isenzo Sezempi:

I-United States yethula imisebenzi yezempi e-Afghanistan, ikakhulukazi eqondise umbuso wamaTaliban kanye namakamu okuqeqeshwa e-al-Qaeda. I-Operation Enduring Freedom ihlose ukuphazamisa nokuhlakaza ingqalasizinda ye-al-Qaeda, kanye nokweseka uhulumeni wase-Afghan ekwakheni kabusha izikhungo zawo. Imizamo yamasosha ase-US ibifuna ukuvimbela ukuhlasela kwamaphekula okuzayo ngokususa izindawo eziphephile zamaphekula kanye nokusekela uzinzo esifundeni.

Izenzo Zomthetho:

Uhulumeni wase-US wenze izinyathelo zomthetho ezahlukahlukene zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwezwe kulandela ukuhlasela kwangomhla ka-9/11. Umthetho we-USA PATRIOT waphasiswa, unikeza iziphathimandla amandla abanzi okuqapha, ukusiza ukwabelana ngezobunhloli, futhi kuqinise uphenyo lokulwa nobuphekula. Ukwengeza, uMthetho Wenguquko Yezobunhloli Nokuvimbela Ubuphekula wasayinwa waba umthetho, uqinisa umphakathi wezobunhloli kanye nokwenza ngcono ukwabelana ngolwazi phakathi kwama-ejensi.

Ukubambisana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe Okuthuthukisiwe:

Iqaphela isimo somhlaba sobuphekula, i-United States yasebenza ukuze yakhe imifelandawonye eqinile futhi isebenzisane nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe ukulwa namanethiwekhi amaphekula. Imizamo yezobuzwe yayigxile ekutholeni ukwesekwa kwempi yomhlaba wonke yobushokobezi, ukwandisa ukwabelana ngezobunhloli, nokusebenzisa izindlela zokuphazamisa uxhaso lwamaphekula. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlelo ezinjengokusungulwa kwe-Global Counterterrorism Forum kanye nezivumelwano zamazwe amabili namazwe amaningi.

Isiphetho:

Ngemva nje kokuhlasela kwangomhla ka-9/11, i-United States yasabela ngokushesha nangokunquma, isebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuvikela izakhamuzi zayo nokulwa nobuphekula. Kusukela emizamweni yokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo kuya ezenzweni zomthetho, ukusebenza kwezempi, nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, ukusabela ekuhlaselweni kwakunezici eziningi futhi kubanzi. Ngenkathi i-United States iqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa nokulungisa indlela yayo yokulwa nobushokobezi, impendulo yesizwe ku-9/11 igqamisa ukuzibophezela kwayo okungaguquki ekuvikeleni ukuphepha kwezwe kanye nokugcina inkululeko.