Ndime yayitali pa Sarojini Naidu mu Chingerezi
Tsiku lobadwa kwa Naidu linali February 13, 1879, ku Hyderabad. Mayi woyamba kukhala ndi maudindo onse awiri ku Indian National Congress, anali mtsogoleri wandale, woimira akazi, wolemba ndakatulo, komanso bwanamkubwa wa dziko la India. Unali dzina limene nthawi zina ankapatsidwa lakuti, “India’s Nightingale.”
Anali Bengali Brahman yemwe anali prinsipal wa Nizam's College ku Hyderabad ndipo adalera Sarojini, yemwe anali mwana wamkazi wamkulu wa Aghorenath Chattopadhyay. Ali mwana, adaphunzira ku yunivesite ya Madras, kenako King's College, London, mpaka 1898, kenako Girton College, Cambridge.
Gulu lopanda mgwirizano la Mahatma Gandhi lidamupangitsa kuti alowe nawo gulu la Congress ku India. Kukhalapo kwake pa gawo lachiwiri losamaliza la Round Table Conference on Indian-British Cooperation (1931) kunali kofunikira paulendo wa Gandhi wopita ku London.
Pa gawo lachiwiri losatsimikizika la Round Table Conference on Indian-British Cooperation, adapita ku London ndi Gandhi. Choyamba podzitchinjiriza, kenako kudana kwambiri ndi Allies, adagwirizana ndi malingaliro a Congress Party pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse. Imfa yake mu 1947 inasonyeza kutha kwa udindo wake monga bwanamkubwa wa United Provinces (tsopano Uttar Pradesh).
Analinso Sarojini Naidu yemwe analemba mochuluka. Anasankhidwa kukhala mnzake wa Royal Society of Literature mu 1914 atasindikiza The Golden Threshold (1905), wolemba ndakatulo wake woyamba.
Paufulu wa India, adalimbikitsa kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso kupatsa mphamvu amayi kudzera mwa ana. Pamene moyo wa amwenye a Nightingale unayamba, izi zinali zina mwa mphindi zofunika kwambiri. Olemba ambiri, ndale, ndi ogwira ntchito zachitukuko amalimbikitsidwabe ndi zomwe adachita pazandale chifukwa anali mtsogoleri waluso, wolemba waluso, komanso wothandiza kwambiri ku India. Nthawi zonse padzakhala malo m'mitima mwathu kwa Sarojini Naidu monga chilimbikitso kwa amayi onse. Popatsa akazi mphamvu, adatsegula njira kuti akazi atsatire mapazi ake.
500 Mawu Essay pa Sarojini Naidu mu Chingerezi
Kuyamba:
Wobadwa ku Bengali, Sarojini Naidu anabadwa pa 13 February 1879. Anabadwira m'banja lolemera ku Hyderabad, anakulira m'malo abwino. Anasonyeza luso lapadera ali wamng'ono zomwe zinamusiyanitsa ndi gulu. Ndakatulo zake anazilemba mwaluso kwambiri. Yunivesite ya Cambridge, Girton College, ndi King's College ku England ndi ena mwa masukulu otsogola a ophunzira omwe ali ndi luso lake lolemba.
Banja lake ndi limene linamulimbikitsa kuganiza pang’onopang’ono ndi kukhala ndi makhalidwe apamwamba. Malo ake anali osangalatsa kwambiri pamene anali kukula. Chifukwa chake, amakhulupirira kuti chilungamo ndi kufanana ziyenera kupezeka kwa aliyense. Ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri awa, adakula kukhala wolemba ndakatulo waluso komanso wolimbikira ndale ku India.
Anatengera mozama kwambiri lamulo la Boma la Britain logawikana ndi kulamulira mu 1905 pofuna kupondereza gulu lodziyimira pawokha la Bengal. Atakhala wochita zandale, adalankhula m'malo angapo ku India. Polimbana ndi nkhanza za ulamuliro wachitsamunda wa ku Britain, iye anafuna kugwirizanitsa nzika zonse za India yamakono. Anakambilana za utundu ndi umoyo wa anthu m’malankhulidwe ndi nkhani zonse zimene anakamba.
Kuti athe kufikira azimayi ambiri aku India, adapanga bungwe la Women's Indian Association. 1917 ndi chaka chokhazikitsa mgwirizanowu. Kuphatikiza pa iye yekha, adakopa azimayi ena ambiri omenyera ufulu. Pambuyo pake, adakhala membala wa gulu la Satyagraha, gulu lotsogozedwa ndi Mahatma Gandhi. Pambuyo pake, Mahatma Gandhi adayang'anira ntchito zake zakukonda dziko. Kuguba kwa mchere kunachitika m'zaka za m'ma 1930, komwe adatenga nawo gawo. Iye anali m'modzi mwa ochita ziwonetsero omwe adamangidwa ndi apolisi aku Britain.
Munthu wotsogola mu Quit India and Civil Disobedience Movements, iye anali kutsogolo kwa mayendedwe onse awiri. Nthaŵi imeneyo inali yodziŵika ndi kukhalapo kwa ochirikiza dziko ndi omenyera ufulu ambiri. Ulamuliro wa Britain unagwedezeka ndi magulu awiriwa. Pofuna kupeza ufulu wodzilamulira m’dziko lake, anapitiriza kumenya nkhondo. Kazembe woyamba wa United Provinces adasankhidwa India italandira ufulu wodzilamulira. Kupatula kukhala kazembe wachikazi woyamba ku India, analinso womenyera ufulu.
Mabuku amene analemba pa ndakatulo anali abwino kwambiri. Sarojini Naidu anali ndi luso lodabwitsa la ndakatulo, monga tafotokozera poyamba paja. Sewero lachi Persian lomwe analemba kusukulu linali Maher Muneer. Nizam waku Hyderabad adayamika ntchito yake chifukwa idachita bwino kwambiri. 'The Golden Threshold' linali dzina la ndakatulo yake yoyamba yofalitsidwa mu 1905. Wolemba ndakatulo yemwe anali ndi luso lolembera aliyense. Iye anali wodabwitsa. Maluso ake adabwitsa ana. Analimbikitsanso kukonda dziko lako ndi ndakatulo zake zotsutsa. Ndakatulo zake zomvetsa chisoni komanso zoseketsa zilinso ndi tanthauzo lalikulu m'mabuku aku India.
Chifukwa cha ndakatulo zake zomwe zidasindikizidwa mu 1912, adapatsidwa dzina loti 'Mbalame Yanthawi: Nyimbo Zamoyo, Imfa & Masika'. Bukuli lili ndi ndakatulo zake zotchuka kwambiri. Chithunzi chochititsa chidwi cha bazaar chidajambulidwa ndi mawu ake m'modzi mwazinthu zomwe adazilenga, 'Mu Bazaars of Hyderabad'. Ndakatulo zingapo zinalembedwa ndi iye ali moyo. N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti anafa chifukwa cha kumangidwa kwa mtima ku Lucknow pa 2nd March 1949. 'Nthenga ya Dawn' inasindikizidwa ngati msonkho kwa iye ndi mwana wake wamkazi atamwalira. Bungwe la 'Nightingale of India' linkadziwika chifukwa cha mzimu wosagonja popititsa patsogolo ufulu wa amayi.
Ndemanga Yaitali pa Sarojini Naidu mu Chingerezi
Kuyamba:
Makolo ake anali anthu a ku Bengali ochokera ku Hyderabad, komwe anabadwira pa 13 February 1879. Iye wakhala akulemba ndakatulo kuyambira ali mwana wamng'ono kwambiri. Atamaliza maphunziro ake apamwamba ku United States, adasamukira ku England kukaphunzira ku King's College ndi Girton, Cambridge. Chifukwa cha makhalidwe opita patsogolo a banja lake, nthaŵi zonse ankakhala pakati pa anthu opita patsogolo. Popeza wakula ndi mfundo zimenezi, akukhulupirira kuti zionetsero zikhoza kubweretsa chilungamo. Monga wotsutsa komanso wolemba ndakatulo, adadziwika m'dziko lawo. Iye anali wochirikiza ufulu wa amayi komanso kuponderezedwa kwa atsamunda a ku Britain ku India, iye anaikira kumbuyo zonsezo. Timamudziwabe kuti 'Nightingale ya ku India.'
Zopereka za Sarojini Naidu ku ndale zaku India
Pambuyo pakugawidwa kwa Bengal mu 1905, Sarojini Naidu adakhala gawo la gulu lodziyimira pawokha la India. Munthawi yapakati pa 1915 ndi 1918, adakambitsirana nkhani zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso kusakonda dziko m'magawo osiyanasiyana a India. Bungwe la Women's Indian Association linakhazikitsidwanso ndi Sarojini Naidu mu 1917. Atalowa nawo gulu la Mahatma Gandhi la Satyagraha mu 1920, adalimbikitsa chilungamo cha anthu. Atsogoleri ambiri odziwika, kuphatikiza iye, adamangidwa chifukwa chochita nawo mu 1930 Salt March.
Kuphatikiza pa kutsogolera gulu la kusamvera anthu, analinso mtsogoleri wa gulu la Quit India. Mayiyu adamenyera ufulu wa India ngakhale adamangidwa kangapo. Mu utsogoleri wachikazi woyamba ku India, adakhala bwanamkubwa wa United Provinces pomwe adakwaniritsidwa.
Kabuku ka Zolemba za Sarojini Naidu
M’zaka zake zoyambirira, Sarojini Naidu anali wolemba mabuku waluso. Adalemba sewero la ku Perisiya lotchedwa Maher Muneer ali kusekondale, lomwe ngakhale Nizam waku Hyderabad adayamika. Ndakatulo yamutu wakuti “The Golden Threshold” inafalitsidwa ndi iye mu 1905. Iye akuyamikiridwabe chifukwa cha ndakatulo zake zosiyanasiyana mpaka lero. Kuphatikiza pa kulemba ndakatulo za ana, adalembanso ndakatulo zotsutsa zomwe zimafufuza mitu monga kukonda dziko lako, tsoka, ndi zachikondi.
Andale ambiri adayamikiranso ntchito yake. Zina mwa ndakatulo zake zodziwika bwino ndi Mu Bazaars of Hyderabad, zomwe zidawonekera mu ndakatulo yake ya 1912 The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death & the Spring. Chifukwa cha zithunzi zake zabwino kwambiri, otsutsa amayamikira ndakatulo imeneyi. Mwana wake wamkazi adasindikiza zolemba zake za Feather of the Dawn pokumbukira imfa yake.
Kutsiliza:
Munali ku Lucknow pa 2nd March 1949 kuti Sarojini Naidu anamwalira ndi kumangidwa kwa mtima. Cholowa chake monga wolemba ndakatulo komanso wochita zachiwonetsero chatamandidwa ndi afilosofi ambiri, monga Aldous Huxley. Angapindule dzikolo ngati andale onse ku India atakhala ndi chidwi chofanana ndi chake. Zokumbukira zake zimakumbukiridwa ndi gulu lakunja kwa yunivesite ya Hyderabad. Iye amakhala m’nyumba imene munkakhala bambo ake. Yunivesite ya Hyderabad's Sarojini Naidu School of Arts & Communication tsopano ili m'nyumbayi.
Ndime yochepa pa Sarojini Naidu mu Chingerezi
Sarojini Naidu anali wolemba ndakatulo, womenyera ufulu, komanso wogwira ntchito zachitukuko yemwe ndi munthu wotchuka kwambiri ku India. Mayeso ake a masamu anali osavuta kudutsa atabadwa ku Hyderabad pa 13 February 1879. Atapatsidwa mwayi wophunzira ku England, adalandira ndipo anakhala zaka zinayi ku makoleji osiyanasiyana ku England.
Mfundo yakuti anakwatiwa ndi munthu wamtundu wina ingam’pangitse kukhala m’modzi mwa anthu ochepa kwambiri amene angatero. Ali ndi zaka 19, Sarojini Naidu anakwatira Pandit Govind Rajulu Naidu, ukwati wa anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana umene unali wosowa kwambiri asanalandire ufulu wodzilamulira.
Olemba ndi ndakatulo angapo amamutcha Nightingale waku India chifukwa cha ndakatulo zake.
Kuwonjezera apo, iye anali mmodzi mwa anthu andale ndiponso olankhula bwino kwambiri panthaŵiyo, ndipo anasankhidwa kuti atsogolere bungwe la Indian National Congress mu 1925. Mahatma Gandhi anamulimbikitsa kwambiri, ndipo ankatsatira ziphunzitso zake zambiri.
Chifukwa chosankhidwa kukhala bwanamkubwa wa chigawo cha federal, chomwe tsopano chimatchedwa Uttar Pradesh, anali mkazi woyamba kukhala kazembe mdziko muno. Mwana wake wamkazi pambuyo pake adakhala bwanamkubwa wa West Bengal state ku India atatenga nawo gawo mu Quit India Movement for omenyera ufulu.
Atagwira ntchito kuti apite patsogolo ku India pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito za anthu, ndakatulo, ndi ndale, anamwalira ali ndi zaka 70. Zolemba zake zokhudza ana, mtundu, ndi nkhani za imfa ya moyo zinkakondedwa ndi anthu ambiri.
Panali zovuta zina zomwe Nightingale anakumana nazo ku India. Ngakhale kuti amaphunzira ntchito yake yonse ya ndale, olemba ambiri, ndale, ndi anthu ogwira nawo ntchito amakhalabe olimbikitsidwa. Monga mkulu wa boma, wolemba mabuku, ndiponso wofunika kwambiri m’dzikolo, anali munthu wapadera kwambiri. Kuchita nawo zochitika zamagulu.
- Essay on My Neighbour in English and Hindi [Multiple Essays]
- Ma Essays Angapo pa Moyo Wanga Watsiku ndi Tsiku Mu Chingerezi Ndi Chihindi
Mwachidule pa Sarojini Naidu mu Chingerezi
Kuyamba:
Ali mwana ku Hyderabad, Sarojini Naidu anali mwana wamkazi wa banja la Chibengali. Iye wakhala akulemba ndakatulo kuyambira ali mwana. Atamaliza maphunziro ake ku King's College ku England, anakapitiriza maphunziro ake pa yunivesite ya Cambridge ndi Girton College.
Mfundo za m’banja lake zinkapita patsogolo pa nthawi imene ankakhala. Zinali ndi mfundo zimenezi pamene anakulira, kukhulupirira mphamvu ya zionetsero kuti chilungamo chichitike. Ntchito yake monga wolemba ndakatulo komanso wolimbikitsa ndale inamupangitsa kukhala munthu wodziwika bwino wa ku India. Kupatula kumenyera ufulu wa amayi, adatsutsanso ulamuliro wa Britain ku India. Amanenedwa kuti anali 'Nightingale ya India' mpaka lero.
Zopereka Zandale za Sarojini Naidu
Pambuyo pakugawidwa kwa Bengal mu 1905, Sarojini Naidu adakhala gawo la gulu lodziyimira pawokha la India. Monga mphunzitsi wokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi dziko, adayendayenda ku India pakati pa 1915 ndi 1918. Bungwe la Women's Indian Association linakhazikitsidwanso ndi Sarojini Naidu mu 1917. Atalowa nawo gulu la Satyagraha la Mahatma Gandhi mu 1920, adakhala wokangalika m'gululi. Mu 1930, iye ndi atsogoleri ena ambiri otchuka adatenga nawo gawo pa Salt March, komwe adamangidwa.
Kuphatikiza pa kutsogolera gulu la kusamvera anthu, analinso mtsogoleri wa gulu la Quit India. Mayiyu adamenyera ufulu wa India ngakhale adamangidwa kangapo. Kazembe wachikazi woyamba ku India adasankhidwa pomwe India adapeza ufulu wodzilamulira.
Ntchito Zolembedwa za Sarojini Naidu
Sarojini Naidu anayamba kulemba ali wamng’ono kwambiri. Ali kusukulu, adalemba sewero lachi Persian lotchedwa Maher Muneer, lomwe linatamandidwa ngakhale ndi Nizam ya Hyderabad. Adasindikiza ndakatulo yake yoyamba mu 1905, yotchedwa "The Golden Threshold". Ndakatulo zake zimayamikiridwa mpaka lero chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Walemba ndakatulo za ana komanso ndakatulo za chikhalidwe chovuta kwambiri, akufufuza mitu monga kukonda dziko lako, tsoka, ndi zachikondi.
Ntchito yake inayamikiridwanso ndi andale ambiri. Mu 1912, adasindikiza ndakatulo ina yotchedwa The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death & the Spring, yomwe ili ndi ndakatulo yake yotchuka kwambiri, In the Bazaars of Hyderabad. Otsutsa amayamikira ndakatuloyi chifukwa cha zithunzi zake zabwino kwambiri. Atamwalira, zolemba zake za Feather of the Dawn zidasindikizidwa ndi mwana wake wamkazi kuti azikumbukira kukumbukira kwake.
Kutsiliza:
Munali ku Lucknow pa 2nd March 1949 kuti Sarojini Naidu anamwalira ndi kumangidwa kwa mtima. Cholowa chake monga wolemba ndakatulo komanso wochita zachiwonetsero chatamandidwa ndi afilosofi ambiri, monga Aldous Huxley. Monga adalembera, India ikanakhala m'manja mwabwino ngati andale onse anali abwino komanso okonda ngati iye. Golden Threshold ku Yunivesite ya Hyderabad adatchulidwa m'chikumbukiro chake ngati chowonjezera chapasukulu. Bambo ake ankakhala m’nyumbayi. Yunivesite ya Hyderabad's Sarojini Naidu School of Arts & Communication tsopano ili m'nyumbayi.