Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Isincoko ngesiNgesi 100 amagama
UGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, isithandi sobulumko, umphengululi nomfundisi-ntsapho owaziwayo, wazalwa ngoSeptemba 5, 1888. Wayebalasele kwinkalo yemfundo yaye wayekhonza njengomongameli wesibini waseIndiya. UGqr Radhakrishnan wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseni inkqubo yemfundo yaseIndiya kwaye wakhuthaza ukubaluleka kwemfundo ekuphuhliseni isizwe. Intanda-bulumko yakhe yayizinze ngokunzulu kubumoya baseIndiya, yaye wayekholelwa ekudityanisweni kwentanda-bulumko yaseMpuma neyaseNtshona. Eqhutywa luthando lwakhe lolwazi nobulumko, wabhala iincwadi ezininzi waza wanikela iintetho ezinengqiqo kwimibandela eyahlukahlukeneyo. Igalelo likaGqr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan kwimfundo nakwifilosofi liyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza izizukulwana.
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Isincoko ngesiNgesi 200 amagama
UGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayesisithandi sobulumko esihloniphekileyo saseNdiya, igosa laseburhulumenteni, kunye noMongameli wesibini waseIndiya. Wazalwa ngoSeptemba 5, 1888, eThiruttani, eTamil Nadu. UGqr. Radhakrishnan wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseni inkqubo yemfundo yaseIndiya nokukhuthaza uxolo nokuqondana phakathi kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo.
Njengesithandi sobulumko, uGqr. Radhakrishnan wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo ekulungelelaniseni intanda-bulumko yaseMpuma neyaseNtshona. Imisebenzi yakhe, enjengethi “Indian Philosophy” kunye “neThe Hindu View of Life,” igqalwa njengebalulekileyo entsimini. Iimfundiso zikaGqr. Radhakrishnan zigxininisa ukubaluleka kwemilinganiselo yokomoya neyokuziphatha kubomi bomntu, ekhuthaza ingcamango yobuzalwana behlabathi lonke kunye nemvisiswano.
Ngaphambi kokuba abe ngumongameli, uGqr. Radhakrishnan wayengunjingalwazi owaziwayo wentanda-bulumko. Wayephethe izikhundla ezininzi ezihloniphekileyo, kuquka i-Vice-Chancellor ye-Banaras Hindu University kunye no-Spalding uNjingalwazi we-Eastern Religions and Ethics kwiYunivesithi yase-Oxford. Ukuzinikela kwakhe nokuthanda kwakhe imfundo kwabonakala kwiinzame zakhe zokukhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ngengqondo nenkcubeko.
Igalelo likaGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan eIndiya alinakulinganiswa. Wayengumthetheleli wemfundo njengendlela yokuphucula intlalo kunye nokukholelwa ngokuqinileyo kumandla olwazi. Umsebenzi wakhe uyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza izizukulwana, kwaye isikhumbuzo sakhe sokuzalwa sibhiyozelwa njengoSuku looTitshala ngembeko yokuzibophelela kwakhe ubomi bonke kwimfundo.
Ukuqukumbela, ubomi bukaGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan kunye nelifa lisebenza njengenkuthazo kubo bonke. Ubuchule bakhe bobukrelekrele, ukuqonda kwentanda-bulumko, kunye nokukholelwa okungagungqiyo kwimfundo kushiye uphawu olungacimekiyo kuluntu lwaseIndiya. Iimfundiso zikaDkt Radhakrishnan ziyaqhubeka nokusikhokela kwihlabathi elikhanyiselwe ngakumbi nelivumelanayo.
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Isincoko ngesiNgesi 250 amagama
UGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayesisithandi sobulumko esidumileyo saseIndiya, umphengululi norhulumente. Wazalwa ngoSeptemba 5, 1888, waba nguSekela Mongameli wokuqala kunye noMongameli wesibini weIndiya elizimeleyo. Eyaziwa ngolwazi lwakhe kunye nefilosofi, wayengumntu obalaseleyo ekubumbeni ingcinga yamaNdiya yanamhlanje. Imisebenzi kaRadhakrishnan enempembelelo kunqulo oluthelekisayo kunye nefilosofi yamenza waziwa kumazwe ngamazwe.
Njengesifundiswa, uGqr. Radhakrishnan wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukufunda ngefilosofi nenkcubeko yamaNdiya. Ukuzinikela kwakhe kwimfundo kwamkhokelela ekubeni abe ngunjingalwazi onempembelelo kwiidyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka neYunivesithi yaseOxford. Iintetho zakhe kunye nemibhalo yakhe ngentanda-bulumko yeVedanta yaba nomtsalane kubo bobabini abaphulaphuli baseMpuma naseNtshona, bemenza igunya elibekekileyo kumoya wamaIndiya.
Igalelo likaGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan kwilizwe lezopolitiko laseIndiya alinakungahoywa. Usebenza njengoMongameli waseIndiya ukusuka ngo-1962 ukuya ku-1967, wayenengqibelelo, ubulumko kunye nokuthobeka. Ngexesha lakhe ugxininise ukubaluleka kwemfundo, ekwabongoza isizwe ukuba sigxile ekukhuliseni ukukhula ngokwasengqondweni.
Ngaphezu koko, ukukholelwa ngamandla kukaGqr. Radhakrishnan ekukhuthazeni uxolo nokuqondana phakathi kweenkcubeko neenkolo ezahlukeneyo kwamenza wathandwa lihlabathi lonke. Ukhuthaze ukuhloniphana kunye neengxoxo phakathi kwezizwe, egxininisa ukubaluleka kweyantlukwano yenkcubeko ekwakheni uluntu oluvisisanayo.
Ukuqukumbela, impumelelo ebalulekileyo kunye negalelo likaGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan kwinkalo yefilosofi, imfundo kunye nezopolitiko imenza abe ngumntu okhuthazayo. Ngobulumko bakhe obunzulu kunye ne-charisma engaqhelekanga, uyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza kunye nokubumba iingqondo zabantu abaninzi. Ilifa lakhe lisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokubaluleka kokusukela ingqondo, intlonipho yeyantlukwano, kunye nokusukela uxolo.
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Isincoko ngesiNgesi 300 amagama
UGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayesisithandi sobulumko esaziwayo saseIndiya, igosa lesizwe, kunye nemfundo ephakamileyo esebenza njengoSekela Mongameli wokuqala waseIndiya kunye noMongameli wesibini waseIndiya. Wazalwa ngoSeptemba 5, 1888, kwidolophana yaseTamil Nadu. UGqr. Radhakrishnan wayesaziwa ngolwazi lwakhe oluninzi lwentanda-bulumko nemfundo, ibe waba negalelo elikhulu kwezi nkalo.
Waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe wokuba ngunjingalwazi wentanda-bulumko waza waba ngomnye wabaphengululi abahlonitshwayo eIndiya. Iimfundiso zakhe kunye nemibhalo yakhe kwifilosofi yaseIndiya yadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni inkcubeko kunye nelifa lemveli lamaIndiya. Inkolelo kaGqr. Radhakrishnan ngokubaluleka kwemfundo yamkhokelela ekubeni aseke amaziko ngamaziko awayegxile ekuboneleleni ngemfundo esemgangathweni kumntu wonke.
NjengoMongameli waseIndiya, uDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayesaziwa ngokuthobeka nobulumko bakhe. Wayekholelwa kakhulu kumandla engxoxo kunye nokuqonda ukusombulula iingxabano. Wasebenza ekukhuthazeni ubudlelwane bobuhlobo kunye nezinye izizwe kwaye wayehlonitshwa kakhulu kwinqanaba lehlabathi.
Igalelo likaGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan kuluntu lwaseIndiya kunye nolwazi lwakhe oluninzi luyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza izizukulwana zabafundi kunye nezifundiswa. Ilifa lakhe lisaphila, lisikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kwemfundo, intanda-bulumko nemilinganiselo awayeyixabisa. Ngokwenyaniso ungomnye wabona ingqondi bakha baveliswa yiIndiya.
Ukuqukumbela, uGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayeyinkokeli enombono, ifilosofi ebalaseleyo, kunye nomfundisi ozinikeleyo. Iimfundiso zakhe kunye nemibhalo yakhe ishiye uphawu olungacimekiyo kuluntu lwaseIndiya kwaye isaqhubeka ingumthombo wokhuthazo kubo bonke. Uya kuhlala ekhunjulwa njengomfundi omkhulu kunye nonozakuzaku wokwenyani wobulumko kunye nenkcubeko yamaIndiya.
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Isincoko ngesiNgesi 400 amagama
UGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayengumthandi wobulumko owaziwayo waseIndiya, isifundiswa, kunye noMongameli wesibini waseIndiya. Wazalwa ngoSeptemba 5, 1888, wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni indawo yemfundo neyobukrelekrele yelizwe. Igalelo lakhe kwiinkalo zefilosofi nakwimfundo yamkelwa ngokubanzi, nto leyo emenza abe ngumntu onempembelelo kwimbali yaseIndiya.
URadhakrishnan wayesaziwa ngokuqonda kwakhe ngokunzulu ifilosofi yamaIndiya kunye nokukwazi kwakhe ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kweengcinga zefilosofi zaseMpuma naseNtshona. Wayekholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba ulwazi alufanele luphelele kwisithethe esinye kodwa kufuneka lwamkele ezona nkcubeko zibalaseleyo. Umsebenzi wakhe obalaseleyo wothelekiso lwenkolo nakwifilosofi wamenza waqatshelwa eIndiya nakwamanye amazwe.
Ummeli omkhulu wezemfundo, uRadhakrishnan wasebenza njengeSekela-Chancellor yeYunivesithi yaseAndhra kwaye kamva njengeSekela-Chancellor yeYunivesithi yaseBanaras Hindu. Uhlaziyo lwakhe lwezemfundo lwabeka isiseko senkqubo yemfundo ebandakanyayo nebanzi eIndiya. Phantsi kobunkokeli bakhe, iiyunivesithi zaseIndiya zabona iinguqu ezibalulekileyo, zigxininisa kwizifundo ezifana nefilosofi, uncwadi kunye nenzululwazi yezentlalo.
Ukuthanda ukufundisa kukaGqr. Radhakrishnan nokuzinikela kwakhe kubafundi bakhe kwabonakala kwindlela awayefundisa ngayo. Wayekholelwa ngokungagungqiyo ukuba ootitshala badlale indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ikamva lesizwe kwaye kufuneka bazabalazele ukugqwesa. Ukuhlonipha usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa, olungoSeptemba 5, uSuku looTitshala lubhiyozelwa e-Indiya ukubulela nokuvakalisa umbulelo ngegalelo elingenaxabiso lootitshala eluntwini.
Ngaphandle kwempumelelo yakhe ezifundweni, uGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wasebenza njengoSekela Mongameli wokuqala waseIndiya ukusuka ngo-1952 ukuya ku-1962 waza emva koko waba nguMongameli waseIndiya ukusuka ngo-1962 ukuya ku-1967. Ngexesha lobumongameli bakhe, wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kwinkalo yomgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle, ngakumbi e-India. ukomeleza ubudlelwane beIndiya nezinye izizwe.
Ukuqonda kukaGqr Radhakrishnan kwengqondo kunye nefilosofi kuqhubeka ukukhuthaza izizukulwana zabafundi kunye nabafundi. Iimbono zakhe malunga nokuziphatha, imfundo, kunye nokubaluleka kwendlela equkayo yolwazi zihlala zibalulekile nanamhlanje. Ubomi bakhe kunye nomsebenzi wakhe bubungqina bamandla emfundo kunye nokubaluleka kokukhuthaza ukuqonda okunzulu kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nefilosofi.
Ukuqukumbela, uGqr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayeyingqondi eyingqondi kunye nefilosofi enkulu eyashiya uphawu olungacimekiyo kwimbali yaseIndiya. Ugxininiso lwakhe kulwazi, imfundo, kunye nokuqonda kwehlabathi jikelele kwezithethe ezahlukeneyo kuyaqhubeka nokubumba iingqondo zabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Uya kuhlala ekhunjulwa njengomfundisi-ntsapho okhutheleyo kunye negosa laseburhulumenteni elazinikelayo ekusukeleni ubulumko nasekuphuculeni uluntu.