IUnited States Yasabela Njani Kuhlaselo lwango-9/11?
I-United Saye Sima: I-Resilient Respient ye-United States kwii-9 / 11 zohlaselo
Intshayelelo:
Uhlaselo lwabanqolobi ngoSeptemba 11, 2001, lwayishiya yothuse iUnited States yaza yashiya uphawu olungacimekiyo kwimbali yelo lizwe. Phambi kwesi senzo sibi sobundlobongela, impendulo ye-United States yaphawulwa ngokuqina, umanyano, kunye nokusukela okusesikweni. Esi sincoko siza kuphonononga indlela iUnited States ephendule ngayo 9/11 ukuhlaselwa, ukubonisa amandla esizwe okuhlangana, ukuziqhelanisa, kunye nokuphuma ngamandla.
Ukomelela kunye noManyano
Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zokuphendula kwe-US kwi-9/11 yayikukomelela okuhlangeneyo kunye nobunye obuboniswa ngabantu baseMelika. Ngaphandle komothuko nentlungu eyayigqubuthele isizwe, abantu baseMelika bahlanganisana, bexhasana yaye bethuthuzelana. Abahlali kulo lonke ilizwe baququzelela imilindo yokukhanyisa amakhandlela, iinkonzo zesikhumbuzo, kunye nokunyusa ingxowa-mali ukunceda amaxhoba kunye neentsapho zawo. Olu manyano lwakhuthaza umoya wokomelela owawuza kuchaza indlela isizwe esisabela ngayo kuhlaselo.
Ukomeleza uKhuseleko lweSizwe
Emva kwe-9/11, iUnited States yathatha amanyathelo abanzi okuqinisa ukhuseleko lwelizwe kunye nokuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwexesha elizayo. Ukusekwa kweSebe lezoKhuseleko lweLizwe ngowama-2002 kuphawule inyathelo elibalulekileyo elibhekiselele ekufezekiseni iinzame zokhuseleko kunye nokuqinisa intsebenziswano phakathi kwee-arhente. Ukongeza, uMthetho we-USA PATRIOT wapasiswa, uvumela ii-arhente zogcino-mthetho ukuba zabelane ngokufanelekileyo ngolwazi kunye nobukrelekrele.
Imfazwe yobugrogrisi
IUnited States yasabela kuhlaselo lwe-9/11 kungekuphela nje ngokuqinisa ukhuseleko lwelizwe layo kodwa nangokusukela ubulungisa. Imfazwe yobugrogrisi yaba yeyona nto iphambili kumgaqo-nkqubo waseMelika wangaphandle kwiminyaka eyalandela uhlaselo. Umkhosi wase-US uqalise iphulo e-Afghanistan, ngeenjongo zokudiliza i-Al Qaeda- umbutho onoxanduva lokuqhuba olu hlaselo-kwaye ususa urhulumente weTaliban owawubabambe. Ngokubhukuqa urhulumente weTaliban kunye nokunceda ukuseka ulungelelwaniso olutsha, iUnited States yawenza buthathaka amandla ombutho wabanqolobi.
Intsebenziswano yaMazwe ngaMazwe
Iqonda ukuba ubunqolobi ngumbandela wehlabathi lonke, iUnited States yafuna inkxaso kumazwe ngamazwe ukuze kuliwe lo mngcipheko ngempumelelo ngakumbi. Ukusekwa komanyano olunje ngeNorth Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) kwavumela iUnited States ukuba isebenzisane namahlakani ayo kwaye yakhe umphambili omanyeneyo ngokuchasene nobunqolobi. Ngentsebenziswano, ukwabelana ngobukrelekrele, kunye nokusebenza ngokubambisana komkhosi, uluntu lwehlabathi luphazamise ngempumelelo uthungelwano lwabanqolobi kwihlabathi liphela.
Ukuziqhelanisa kunye nokunyamezela
Ukomelela okuboniswe yi-United States emva kwe-9/11 kwandiswe ngaphaya komanyano kunye nokhuseleko lwesizwe. Olu hlaselo lubangele uhlolo olubanzi lobukrelekrele, umkhosi, kunye namandla ozakuzo, okukhokelela kuphuculo olubonakalayo kwiinzame zokulwa nobunqolobi. Ukwamkelwa kobugcisa obutsha kunye namaqhinga kwakhulisa isakhono selizwe sokulindela nokusabela ngokoyikiso ngokukhawuleza. Ukuze athintele ngakumbi izenzo zabanqolobi, urhulumente waseUnited States wamisela imiqathango engqongqo yokuhamba neyokhuseleko ukuze akhusele imida neenkqubo zezothutho.
isiphelo
Ukusabela kwe-United States kuhlaselo lwe-9/11 ngumzekelo wesisombululo esingagungqiyo sesizwe sokuchasa ubunqolobi, ukukhuthaza ukomelela kunye nomanyano phakathi kwemida yalo. Ngokuqinisa ukhuseleko lwesizwe, ukubandakanyeka kwimfazwe yokugrogrisa, ukufuna intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nokulungelelanisa imingeni emitsha, iUnited States yaphakamisa ukukhusela kwayo kwaye yenza inkqubela ebonakalayo ekuthinteleni ukuhlaselwa okufanayo kwixesha elizayo. Ngelixa izibazi ezivela kwi-9/11 ziya kuhlala zisisikhumbuzo esibuhlungu, impendulo ye-United States isebenza njengobungqina bokukwazi ukuphinda ibuyele ebunzimeni kwaye ivele inamandla kunanini ngaphambili.
Isihloko: Iimpendulo zaseUnited States kuHlaselo lwe-9/11
Intshayelelo:
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, uhlaselo lukaSeptemba 11, 2001 eUnited States lwaba nempembelelo enzulu kwimbali yesizwe nakwindlela eyalandelayo. Impendulo kuhlaselo lwe-9/11 yayinamacala amaninzi, njengoko i-United States imanyene ukuqinisekisa ubulungisa, ukhuseleko, kunye nokomelela ngokuchasene nezoyikiso ezizayo. Esi sincoko siya kuphonononga indlela iUnited States ephendule ngayo kuhlaselo lwe-9/11, ivavanya zombini ukusabela kwangoko kunye nemilinganiselo yexesha elide ephunyeziweyo ukukhusela isizwe.
Impendulo yangoko:
Ngokukhawuleza emva kohlaselo, iUnited States yaphendula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukulungisa isoyikiso sangoko kwaye iqalise inkqubo yokubuyisela. UMongameli uGeorge W. Bush wathetha nesizwe, eqinisekisa abemi ukuba ubulungisa buya kubakho, efunga ngokuzisa abenzi bobubi kubulungisa, kwaye egxininisa imfuneko yobumbano kunye nokomelela.
Elinye inyathelo elikhawulezileyo elathathwa yi-United States yaba kukuyilwa kweSebe lezoKhuseleko lweLizwe (DHS) ngo-2002. Ukusekwa kweDHS kujolise ekuphuculeni amandla elizwe okuthintela nokusabela kuhlaselo lwabanqolobi. Idibanise i-22 yee-arhente zomdibaniso ezahlukeneyo, iphucula unxibelelwano kunye nolungelelwaniso ngelixa isomeleza izixhobo zokhuseleko.
Impendulo yoMkhosi:
Uhlaselo lwe-9/11 lwabangela impendulo enamandla yomkhosi evela eUnited States. Ngaphantsi kwe-Operation Enduring Freedom, umkhosi wase-US waqalisa iphulo lomkhosi e-Afghanistan, lijolise kurhulumente weTaliban, owawuphethe kwaye uxhasa i-al-Qaeda, umbutho wabanqolobi ojongene nohlaselo. Injongo yayikukuchitha isiseko se-al-Qaeda kunye nokuzisa ubunkokheli bayo ebulungiseni, ngokuyintloko ijolise ku-Osama bin Laden.
Impendulo yomkhosi kamva yandiswa kunye ne-Operation Iraqi Freedom, eyayijolise ekususeni uSaddam Hussein kumandla e-Iraq phantsi kwesiseko sokuphelisa izixhobo zentshabalalo. Ngelixa unxibelelwano phakathi kwemfazwe yase-Iraq kunye ne-9/11 yacelwa umngeni kamva, yagxininisa impendulo ebanzi ye-United States kubunqolobi behlabathi.
Imilinganiselo yoKhuseleko eyomeleziweyo:
Ukuthintela uhlaselo lwexesha elizayo, iUnited States iphumeze iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko ezongeziweyo. ULawulo loKhuseleko lwezoThutho (TSA) lwamiselwa ukomeleza iinkqubo zokuhlola kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya, kubandakanywa ukuqaliswa kokuhlolwa kwemithwalo engqongqo, ukukhangela abakhweli, kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko ebanzi.
Ngaphaya koko, ukupasiswa koMthetho we-USA PATRIOT ngo-2001 kwanika ii-arhente zobuntlola kunye nonyanzeliso lomthetho ukwandisa amandla okucupha ukulandelela izoyikiso ezinokubakho. Ngelixa la manyathelo aye avusa iingxoxo malunga neenkxalabo zabucala kunye nenkululeko yoluntu, ayebalulekile ekuthinteleni izenzo ezingakumbi zobunqolobi.
Impendulo yeDiplomat:
IUnited States nayo yasabela kuhlaselo lwe-9/11 ngeendlela zozakuzo. Bafuna intsebenziswano kwezinye iintlanga, ukwabelana ngolwazi, nokwabelana ngolwazi ukuze bathintele isoyikiso sobugrogrisi ehlabathini lonke. Ngaphezu koko, iUnited States iye yaqinisa iinzame zokuphazamisa uthungelwano lwenkxaso-mali yabanqolobi, isebenzisana namaqabane ezizwe ngezizwe ukuze ivale inkxaso yemali kwimibutho eyingozi.
Intsebenziswano yehlabathi:
Uhlaselo lwe-9/11 lukhokelele ekugxininiseni ngakumbi kwiinzame zokulwa nobunqolobi kwihlabathi liphela. I-United States yadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusekeni imanyano yehlabathi, efana nokucela kwe-NATO kwiSiqendu sesi-5, ephawule okokuqala kwimbali yayo ukuba umanyano luthathele ingqalelo uhlaselo lwelizwe elilungu elinye njengohlaselo nxamnye nawo onke amalungu. Olu manyano lubonise ukuzimisela okuhlangeneyo ukulwa ubunqolobi kumazwe ngamazwe.
Isiphelo:
Impendulo ye-United States ekuhlaselweni kwe-9 / 11 ibonakaliswe yizo zombini izenzo zangoku kunye nezicwangciso zexesha elide. Ukususela ekusekweni kwe-DHS kunye nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko eyandisiweyo ukuya kumaphulo omkhosi kunye neenzame zezozakuzo, ilizwe labeka phambili ukukhusela abemi balo kunye nokuchasana nesoyikiso sobunqolobi. Ezi mpendulo azizange zifune ubulungisa kumaxhoba kuphela kodwa zijolise ekuthinteleni ukuhlaselwa kwexesha elizayo kunye nokukhuthaza ukhuseleko lwehlabathi. Ekugqibeleni, impendulo ye-United States kuhlaselo lwe-9/11 yabonisa ukomelela, umanyano, kunye nokuzinikela okungagungqiyo ekugcineni uxolo nokhuseleko.
Yasabela Njani IUnited States Kuhlaselo luka-9/11?
Intshayelelo:
Uhlaselo lwabanqolobi olwenzeka ngoSeptemba 11, 2001, oludla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-9/11, lwaphawula utshintsho kwimbali yaseMerika. I-United States yasabela kolu hlaselo lutshabalalisayo ngokuzimisela, ukomelela, kunye nokuzinikela okuqinileyo kukhuseleko lwelizwe. Esi sincoko sijolise ekuchazeni iimpendulo ezininzi zaseUnited States kuhlaselo lwe-9/11, lugxininisa amanyathelo athatha ixesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide athatyathwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabemi bayo kunye nokulwa nobugrogrisi.
Impendulo yangoko:
Ukusabela ngokukhawuleza ekuhlaselweni kwe-9 / 11 kwakubandakanya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zongxamiseko ukubonelela ngoncedo, ukuqhuba imisebenzi yokuhlangula, nokubuyisela iinkonzo ezisisiseko. Oku kubandakanya ukuhambisa abaphenduli bokuqala, abacimi bomlilo, kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango kwisiza seGround Zero ukunceda abasindileyo kunye nokubuyisela imizimba. Urhulumente uphinde wasebenzisa i-Federal Emergency Management Agency (i-FEMA) ukulungelelanisa iinzame zokunceda kwaye yasungula i-Operation Noble Eagle, i-mission ye-National Guard yokukhusela iindawo eziphambili kulo lonke ilizwe.
Ukomeleza uKhuseleko lweLizwe:
Ukuphendula kuhlaselo lwabanqolobi olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili, iUnited States yomeleza kakhulu iziseko zayo zokhuseleko lwelizwe. ISebe lezoKhuseleko lweLizwe (i-DHS) lasekwa ukuze lidibanise ii-arhente ezininzi kunye nokwandisa ulungelelwaniso ekuqokeleleni ubuntlola, ukuhlolwa kwezokhuseleko, kunye nolawulo lwemida. Ukongeza, uLawulo loKhuseleko lwezoThutho (TSA) lwenzelwe ukuqinisekisa iinkqubo ezingqongqo zovavanyo kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya nakwezinye iindawo zezothutho.
Intshukumo yoMkhosi:
I-United States yaqalisa imisebenzi yasemkhosini e-Afghanistan, ijolise ikakhulu kulawulo lweTaliban kunye neenkampu zoqeqesho ze-al-Qaeda. I-Operation Enduring Freedom ijolise ekuphazamiseni nasekuchitheni iziseko ezingundoqo ze-al-Qaeda, kwakunye nokuxhasa urhulumente wase-Afghan ekwakhiweni ngokutsha kwamaziko akhe. Iinzame zomkhosi wase-US zazama ukuthintela uhlaselo lwabanqolobi kwixesha elizayo ngokususa iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zabanqolobi kunye nokuxhasa uzinzo kulo mmandla.
Izenzo zowiso-mthetho:
Urhulumente wase-US wenze imithetho eyahlukeneyo yokuqinisa ukhuseleko lwelizwe emva kohlaselo lwe-9/11. Umthetho we-USA PATRIOT wapasiswa, unika abasemagunyeni amandla abanzi okucupha, ukuququzelela ukwabelana ngobuntlola, kunye nokuqinisa uphando lokulwa nobunqolobi. Ukongeza, uMthetho woHlaziyo lwezobuNhloli kunye noMthetho woThintelo lobuGqwirha watyikitywa waba ngumthetho, ukomeleza uluntu lwezobuntlola kunye nokuphucula ukwabelana ngolwazi phakathi kwee-arhente.
INtsebenziswano yaMazwe ngaMazwe eyandisiweyo:
Iqonda ubunqolobi behlabathi jikelele, iUnited States yasebenza ukwenza umanyano olomeleleyo kwaye isebenzisane namaqabane ehlabathi ukulwa uthungelwano lwabanqolobi. Iinzame zezozakuzo zigxile ekufumaneni inkxaso kwimfazwe yehlabathi jikelele yobugrogrisi, ukwandisa ukwabelana ngobukrelekrele, kunye nokuphumeza amanyathelo okuphazamisa inkxaso-mali yabanqolobi. Oku kuquka amaphulo anjengokusekwa kweQonga leGlobal Counterterrorism Forum kunye nezivumelwano zamazwe amabini kunye namazwe amaninzi.
Isiphelo:
Emva nje kohlaselo lwe-9/11, iUnited States yasabela ngokukhawuleza nangokuqinisekileyo, isebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokukhusela abemi bayo kunye nokulwa nobunqolobi. Ukususela kwiinzame zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwizenzo zomthetho, imisebenzi yempi, kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, impendulo yokuhlaselwa yayininzi kwaye ibanzi. Ngelixa i-United States iqhubeka nokulungelelanisa kwaye icokisa indlela yayo yokulwa nobunqolobi, impendulo yesizwe kwi-9/11 ibonisa ukuzinikela kwayo okungagungqiyo ekukhuseleni ukhuseleko lwelizwe kunye nokugcina inkululeko.