Umlando kaDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wazalwa ngoSepthemba 5, 1888, edolobhaneni laseThiruttani eHhovisi likaMongameli waseMadras laseBritish India (manje eseTamil Nadu, eNdiya). Wayevela endaweni ephansi, uyise eyisikhulu semali. U-Radhakrishnan wayelomele ulwazi kusukela esemncane. Waphumelela kahle ezifundweni futhi waqhubeka nokuthola iziqu ze-Master in Philosophy eMadras Christian College. Wabe eseqhuba izifundo zakhe eNyuvesi yaseMadras futhi wathola iziqu zakhe zeBachelor of Arts esifundweni sePhilosophy. Ngo-1918, wamiswa njengoprofesa eNyuvesi yaseMysore, lapho ayefundisa khona ifilosofi. Izimfundiso nemibhalo yakhe yenza abantu banaka, futhi ngokushesha waduma njengesazi sefilosofi esivelele. Ngo-1921, wajoyina iNyuvesi yaseCalcutta njengoSolwazi Wefilosofi. Ifilosofi kaRadhakrishnan yahlanganisa amasiko efilosofi aseMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga. Wayekholelwa ekubalulekeni kokuqonda nokwazisa imibono ehlukene yefilosofi ukuze athole umbono wezwe ophelele. Imisebenzi yakhe ngefilosofi yamaNdiya yathola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke futhi yambeka njengegunya kule ndaba. Ngo-1931, u-Radhakrishnan wamenywa ukuba ethule uchungechunge lwezinkulumo e-University of Oxford. Lezi zinkulumo, ezazinesihloko esithi “The Hibbert Lectures,” kamuva zashicilelwa njengencwadi ebizwa ngokuthi “Indian Philosophy.” Lezi zinkulumo zaba neqhaza elikhulu ekwethuleni ifilosofi yamaNdiya emazweni aseNtshonalanga futhi zasiza ukuvala igebe phakathi komcabango waseMpumalanga nowaseNtshonalanga. Ngo-1946, u-Radhakrishnan waba iSekela-Shansela le-Andhra University. Ugxile ekuthuthukiseni izinga lemfundo, ukukhuthaza ucwaningo, nokwenza uhlelo lwezifundo lube simanjemanje. Imizamo yakhe iholele ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu ezindinganisweni zezemfundo zasenyuvesi. Ngo-1949, uRadhakrishnan waqokwa njengenxusa laseNdiya eSoviet Union. Umele i-India ngesithunzi esikhulu futhi wakha nobudlelwano bezobunxusa namanye amazwe. Ngemva kokusebenza njengenxusa, wakhethwa njengePhini likaMongameli waseNdiya ngo-1952. Wasebenza amahlandla amabili elandelana, kusukela ngo-1952 kuya ku-1962. Ngo-1962, u-Radhakrishnan waba uMongameli wesibili waseNdiya, elandela uDkt. Rajendra Prasad. NjengoMengameli, ugxile ekukhuthazeni imfundo namasiko. Wasungula Ikhomishini Yezemfundo Kazwelonke ukuze ilethe izinguquko ohlelweni lwezemfundo lwaseNdiya. Uphinde wagcizelela isidingo sokuthula nobumbano phakathi kwemiphakathi eyahlukene yezenkolo namasiko eNdiya. Ngemva kokuphothula isikhathi sakhe njengoMongameli ngo-1967, u-Radhakrishnan wasula kwezombusazwe kodwa waqhubeka nokufaka isandla kwezemfundo. Uthole inqwaba yemiklomelo nokuhlonishwa ngeqhaza lakhe lobuhlakani, okuhlanganisa ne-Bharat Ratna, umklomelo ophakeme kakhulu waseNdiya. UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan washona ngo-April 17, 1975, eshiya ifa elihlala njalo njengesazi sefilosofi esaziwayo, isikhulu sombuso, nomholi onombono. Ukhunjulwa njengomunye wongqondongqondo nezifundiswa zaseNdiya ezazineqhaza elikhulu ekulolongeni isimo sezwe sezemfundo nefilosofi.
Imigqa engu-10 kuDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan ngesiNgisi.
- UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayeyisazi sefilosofi, isikhulu, nothisha waseNdiya.
- Wazalwa ngoSepthemba 5, 1888, eThiruttani, eTamil Nadu, eNdiya.
- U-Radhakrishnan udlale indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni izinqubomgomo zemfundo zase-India njengoSihlalo Wekhomishini Yezibonelelo Zenyuvesi.
- WayeyiPhini Likamongameli lokuqala (1952-1962) kanye noMongameli wesibili (1962-1967) weNdiya ezimele.
- Ifilosofi ka-Radhakrishnan yahlanganisa amasiko aseMpumalanga nawaseNtshonalanga, futhi imisebenzi yakhe ngefilosofi yamaNdiya yathola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele.
- Ugcizelele ukubaluleka kwemfundo njengendlela yokukhuthaza umphakathi onozwelo nobulungisa.
- U-Radhakrishnan wayengummeli omkhulu wokuzwana kwezinkolo nezingxoxo phakathi kwezinkolo namasiko ahlukene.
- Amagalelo akhe obuhlakani amenze wahlonishwa kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ne-Bharat Ratna, umklomelo ophakeme kakhulu waseNdiya.
- Washona ngo-April 17, 1975, eshiya ifa elicebile lamagalelo ongqondongqondo nezombusazwe.
- UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan uyaqhubeka ekhunjulwa njengomholi onombono owenza igalelo elibalulekile emphakathini waseNdiya kanye nefilosofi.
Umdwebo wempilo kanye negalelo likaDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan?
UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wayeyisazi sefilosofi, isikhulu, nothisha waseNdiya. Wazalwa ngoSepthemba 5, 1888, edolobhaneni laseThiruttani eHhovisi likaMongameli waseMadras waseBritish India (manje eseTamil Nadu, eNdiya). U-Radhakrishnan waphishekela imfundo yakhe eMadras Christian College, lapho aphumelela khona ezifundweni futhi wathola iziqu ze-Master in Philosophy. Waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe eNyuvesi yaseMadras, wathola iziqu zeBachelor of Arts in Philosophy. Ngo-1918, uRadhakrishnan wajoyina iNyuvesi yaseMysore njengoprofesa wefilosofi. Izimfundiso zakhe nemibhalo yakhe yaqashelwa, okwamenza isazi sefilosofi esiphambili. Kamuva, ngo-1921, waba uprofesa wefilosofi eNyuvesi yaseCalcutta. Imisebenzi yefilosofi kaRadhakrishnan yayinethonya elikhulu futhi yasiza ukuvala igebe phakathi kwamasiko efilosofi aseMpumalanga nawaseNtshonalanga. Ngo-1931, wethula uchungechunge lwezinkulumo e-University of Oxford, ezaziwa ngokuthi “The Hibbert Lectures,” kamuva ezanyatheliswa njengencwadi ethi “Indian Philosophy.” Lo msebenzi wadlala indima ebalulekile ekwethuleni ifilosofi yamaNdiya emazweni aseNtshonalanga. Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, u-Radhakrishnan wagcizelela ukubaluleka kokugqugquzela imfundo nezindinganiso. Wasebenza njengeSekela-Shansela leNyuvesi yase-Andhra ngo-1946, esebenzela ukuthuthukisa amazinga ezemfundo kanye nokwenza ikharikhulamu ibe yisimanjemanje. Ngo-1949, uRadhakrishnan waqokwa njengenxusa laseNdiya eSoviet Union. Umele i-India ngomusa waphinde wakhuthaza nobudlelwano bezokuxhumana namanye amazwe. Ngemuva kokuba yinxusa, wakhethwa njengePhini likaMongameli waseNdiya ngo-1952 futhi wasebenza amahlandla amabili elandelana. Ngo-1962, u-Radhakrishnan waba uMongameli wesibili we-India ezimele, elandela uDkt. Rajendra Prasad. Ngesikhathi esengumongameli, wagqugquzela imfundo namasiko. Wasungula iKhomishana Yezemfundo Kazwelonke ukuze iguqule futhi iphakamise uhlelo lwezemfundo lwaseNdiya. U-Radhakrishnan wakumela kakhulu ukubaluleka kwemfundo ekukhuthazeni umphakathi ozwanayo nonobulungisa. Ngemva kokuphothula isikhathi sakhe njengoMongameli ngo-1967, u-Radhakrishnan wasula kwezombusazwe kodwa waqhubeka nokunikela ngobuhlakani. Ulwazi lwakhe olukhulu kanye nokuqonda kwefilosofi kwamenza waqashelwa umhlaba wonke, futhi wathola imiklomelo eminingi nokuhlonishwa, okuhlanganisa ne-Bharat Ratna, umklomelo wezakhamuzi zaseNdiya ophakeme kakhulu. Iqhaza likaDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan kufilosofi, imfundo, kanye nezokuxhumana lalibalulekile. Udlale indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ifilosofi yamaNdiya, inkhulumomphendvulwano yezinkolo ezixubile, kanye nezinguquko zemfundo eNdiya. Namuhla, ukhunjulwa njengomholi onombono owayekholelwa emandleni emfundo ukuze alolonge umhlaba ongcono.
Usuku lokufa kukaDkt Radhakrishnan?
UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan washona ngo-April 17, 1975.
Amagama kababa nomama kaDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan?
Igama likababa kaDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan kwakungu-Sarvepalli Veeraswami kanti igama likanina kwakungu-Sitamma.
UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan udume ngokuthi?
Waziwa kakhulu njengesazi sefilosofi esihlonishwayo, usopolitiki, kanye nesazi sezemfundo. U-Radhakrishnan usebenze njengePhini likaMongameli wase-India kusukela ngo-1952 kuya ku-1962 futhi waba uMongameli wesibili waseNdiya kusukela ngo-1962 kuya ku-1967. Amagalelo akhe kufilosofi nemfundo yamaNdiya ashiye umthelela ohlala njalo ezweni futhi uhlonishwa kakhulu njengomunye wabaseNdiya. ongqondongqondo abaningi abanethonya.
Indawo yokuzalwa kaDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan?
UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wazalelwa edolobhaneni laseThiruttani eHhovisi likaMongameli waseMadras laseBritish India, manje elisesifundeni saseTamil Nadu, eNdiya.
Usuku lokuzalwa nokufa kukaDkt Radhakrishnan?
UDkt. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wazalwa ngoSepthemba 5, 1888, futhi washona ngo-April 17, 1975.