Uqale nini uMthetho Wezinsiza Ezihlukene?
ISeparate Amenities Act ingumthetho owasetshenziswa eNingizimu Afrika ngesikhathi sobandlululo. Lesi senzo saphasiswa okokuqala ngo-1953 futhi savumela ukuhlukaniswa okuphoqelelwe kwezindawo zomphakathi, njengamapaki, amabhishi, nezindlu zangasese zomphakathi, ngokusekelwe ekuhlukaniseni izinhlanga. Lesi senzo sagcina sihoxisiwe ngo-1990 njengengxenye yokuhlakaza ubandlululo.
Yayiyini inhloso yoMthetho Wezinsiza Ezihlukene?
Inhloso ye Umthetho Wezinsiza Ezihlukene kwakuwukuphoqelela ukuhlukaniswa ngokobuhlanga ezikhungweni zikahulumeni eNingizimu Afrika. Lo mthetho wawuhlose ukuhlukanisa abantu bezinhlanga ezihlukene, ikakhulukazi abantu abamnyama base-Afrika, amaNdiya, namaKhaladi, kwabamhlophe ezindaweni ezinjengamapaki, amabhishi, izindlu zangasese, izinkundla zemidlalo nakwezinye izindawo zomphakathi. Lesi senzo sasiyingxenye ebalulekile yobandlululo, uhlelo lokucwasa ngokwebala olwalugunyazwe uhulumeni eNingizimu Afrika. Inhloso yalesi senzo kwakuwukugcina ukubuswa kwabamhlophe kanye nokulawula izindawo nezinsiza zomphakathi, kuyilapho kubandlululwa ngokuhlelekile futhi kucindezelwa izinhlanga ezingezona ezimhlophe.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Separate Amenities Act kanye ne-Bantu Education Act?
Umthetho Wezinsiza Ezihlukene kanye ne I-Bantu Education Act yomibili kwakuyimithetho ecindezelayo eyasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sobandlululo eNingizimu Afrika, kodwa yayinezigxivizo ezihlukene kanye nemithelela. ISeparate Amenities Act (1953) ihlose ukuphoqelela ukuhlukaniswa ngokobuhlanga ezikhungweni zikahulumeni. Kwakudinga ukuhlukaniswa kwezinsiza zomphakathi njengamapaki, amabhishi, nezindlu zangasese, ngokusekelwe ekuhlukaniseni uhlanga. Lesi senzo saqinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza zihlinzekwa ngokwehlukana kwabantu bezinhlanga ezahlukene, okunezinsiza ezisezingeni eliphansi ezihlinzekelwe izinhlanga ezingezona ezimhlophe. Kwaqinisa ukuhlukana okungokomzimba phakathi kwamaqembu ezinhlanga nokucwasa ngokwebala okugxilile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iBantu Education Act (1953) yayigxile kwezemfundo futhi yaba nemiphumela efinyelela kude. Lesi senzo sasihlose ukusungula uhlelo lwemfundo oluhlukile nolusezingeni eliphansi lwabafundi abamnyama base-Afrika, amaKhaladi, namaNdiya. Iqinisekise ukuthi laba bafundi bathola imfundo eklanyelwe ukubalungiselela umsebenzi wamakhono aphansi, kunokubanika amathuba alinganayo emfundo nokuthuthuka. Ikharikhulamu yaklanywa ngamabomu ukugqugquzela ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokuqhubekisela phambili umbono wokuphakama kwabamhlophe. Sekukonke, nakuba zombili lezi zenzo zaziklanyelwe ukuphoqelela ukuhlukaniswa nokucwasa, uMthetho Wezinto Ezihlukene wawugxile ekuhlukaniseni izikhungo zikahulumeni, kuyilapho uMthetho Wezemfundo Yabantu uqondise imfundo futhi uqhubekisela phambili ukungalingani okuhleliwe.
Uphele nini uMthetho Wezinsiza Ezihlukene?
Umthetho Wezinsiza Ezihlukene wachithwa zingama-30 kuNhlangulana 1990, kulandela ukuqala kokuqedwa kobandlululo eNingizimu Afrika.