Durga Puja Umhlathi ngesiNgesi 100 Amagama
UDurga Puja ngumthendeleko obalulekileyo wamaHindu obhiyozelwa ngomdla omkhulu eIndiya. Iphawula uloyiso lokulungileyo phezu kobubi, njengoko ibonisa uloyiso lukaThixokazi uDurga phezu kwedemon yenyathi, uMahishasura. Umthendeleko uhlala iintsuku ezilishumi kwaye ubonwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe, ngakumbi eBengal. Ebudeni bezi ntsuku zilishumi, izithixo eziyilwe kakuhle zikathixokazi uDurga zinqulwa kwiipandal ezihonjiswe kakuhle (izakhiwo zokwexeshana). Abantu bayadibana ukuze benze imithandazo, bacule iingoma zokuzinikela, kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kwimisitho yenkcubeko. Imibhiyozo edlamkileyo, enezibane ezimibalabala kunye nokuhombisa ngokugqithiseleyo, kudala umoya wolonwabo. I-Durga Puja ayikho nje umthendeleko wenkolo kodwa ixesha apho abantu badibana khona ukuze bamkele ifa lenkcubeko yabo kwaye banandiphe umoya wobunye kunye nobunye.
Umhlathi weDurga Puja kwiKlasi ye-9 kunye neye-10
I-Durga Puja yenye yeminyhadala ebhiyozelwa ngokubanzi eIndiya, ngakumbi kwilizwe laseNtshona Bengal. Ngumthendeleko weentsuku ezintlanu ophawula ukunqulwa kukathixokazi uDurga, ofuzisela amandla nokoyisa okulungileyo phezu kobubi. Umthendeleko udla ngokuba ngenyanga ka-Oktobha okanye ngoNovemba, ngokwekhalenda yamaHindu.
Amalungiselelo eDurga Puja aqala kwiinyanga ezingaphambili, kunye neekomiti ezahlukeneyo kunye namakhaya adibanayo ukwakha izakhiwo zethutyana ezibizwa ngokuba zii-pandals. Ezi pandali zihonjiswe kakuhle ngezibane ezimibalabala, iintyatyambo kunye nemizobo. Zingumbono wokujongwa, kunye nepandali nganye ilwela ukuba yeyona iyileyo kwaye inomtsalane ngokubonakalayo.
Imikhosi yangempela iqala ngomhla wesithandathu womthendeleko, owaziwa ngokuba nguMalayaya. Ngaloo mini, abantu bavuka ngaphambi kokusa ukuze baphulaphule ukuphindaphinda okumnandi kwengoma eyaziwayo ethi "Mahishasura Mardini" kunomathotholo. Eli culo libhiyozela uloyiso lukathixokazi uDurga kwidemon yenyathi uMahishasura. Ibeka ithoni efanelekileyo kwiintsuku ezizayo zokubhiyozela.
Iintsuku eziphambili zeDurga Puja ziintsuku ezine zokugqibela, ezaziwa ngokuba yiSaptami, Ashtami, Navami, kunye neDashami. Ngezi ntsuku, abantu abazinikeleyo batyelela iipalals ukuze benze imithandazo kuthixokazi. Isithixo sikaDurga, kunye nabantwana bakhe abane uGanesh, uLakshmi, uSaraswati, noKartik, sihonjiswe kakuhle yaye sinqulwa. Umoya uzaliswe sisandi seengoma ezinesingqisho, iingoma ezimyoli nevumba leziqhumiso ezahlukahlukeneyo.
Enye into ebalulekileyo yeDurga Puja yindlela yokudansa yendabuko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Dhunuchi Naach.' Kubandakanya ukudanisa ngembiza yodongwe ezaliswe yicamphor evuthayo. Abadanisi bashukuma kamnandi kwisingqi se-dhak, igubu lemveli laseBengali, lidala umoya ochulumancisayo. Amava onke sisidlo seemvakalelo.
Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zeDurga Puja isiko elithi 'Dhunuchi Naach.' Okwenziwa ngomhla wokugqibela womthendeleko, kuquka ukuntywiliselwa kwezithixo zothixokazi nabantwana bakhe kumlambo okanye ichibi elikufuphi. Oku kubonisa ukuhamba kukathixokazi nentsapho yakhe, kwaye kufanekisela inkolelo yokuba uthixokazi uya kubuya kunyaka ozayo.
I-Durga Puja ayingomnyhadala wenkolo kuphela kodwa kunye nentlalontle kunye nenkcubeko. Idibanisa abantu bayo yonke iminyaka kunye nemvelaphi ukuze babhiyozele kwaye banandiphe. Kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zenkcubeko, eziquka umculo, umdaniso, idrama, nemiboniso yobugcisa eququzelelwe kulo mnyhadala. Abantu bazifica ngokutya okumnandi, ukusuka kwiilekese zesintu ezifana neladdoos kunye neSandesh ukuya kukutya okunkcenkceshela kwasesitratweni. Lixesha lovuyo, umanyano, nemibhiyozo.
Ukuqukumbela, iDurga Puja ngumthendeleko omkhulu ozaliswe kukuzinikela, umbala kunye nomdlandla. Lixesha apho abantu bahlanganisana ukuze babhiyozele uloyiso lokulungileyo phezu kobubi kwaye bafune iintsikelelo zikaThixokazi uDurga. Umthendeleko ubonisa ilifa lenkcubeko ecebileyo yaseIndiya kwaye ngamava akufanele alahleke. I-Durga Puja ayikho nje umthendeleko; kukubhiyozelwa kobomi ngokwabo.
Umhlathi weDurga Puja kwiKlasi ye-7 kunye neye-8
UDurga Puja
IDurga Puja, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiNavratri okanye iDurgotsav, ngomnye weyona mithendeleko ibalulekileyo ebhiyozelwa eIndiya, ngakumbi kwilizwe laseNtshona Bengal. Lo mthendeleko mkhulu ukhumbula uloyiso lwesithixokazi uDurga phezu kwedemon uMahishasura. UDurga Puja ubambe ukubaluleka okukhulu kwenkcubeko kunye nenkolo kuluntu lwaseBangali kwaye ubhiyozelwa ngomdla omkhulu kunye nenzondelelo.
Isixeko sonke saseKolkata, apho umnyhadala ubhiyozelwa kakhulu, siphila njengoko abantu abavela kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi bethatha inxaxheba kwimibhiyozo. Amalungiselelo eDurga Puja aqala kwiinyanga ezingaphambili, kunye namagcisa kunye neengcibi ngokwenza ngobuchule izithixo eziyilwe kakuhle zesithixokazi uDurga kunye nabantwana bakhe abane - uGanesha, uLakshmi, uSaraswati, kunye noKartikeya. Ezi zithixo zihonjiswe ngeempahla ezidlamkileyo, izacholo ezihonjiswe kakuhle, kunye nokuyila okuntsonkothileyo kobugcisa, nto leyo ebonisa ubugcisa bobugcisa nobuchule bokuyila bala magcisa.
Umbhiyozo wangempela weDurga Puja uhlala iintsuku ezintlanu, apho isixeko sonke sihlotshiswe ngezibane ezikhanyayo, iipandal ezicacileyo (izakhiwo zexeshana), kunye nemiboniso emangalisayo yobugcisa. IiPandals zakhiwe kuyo yonke indawo ebumelwaneni, nganye inemixholo yayo eyahlukileyo kunye noyilo. Abantu bayityelela ngolangazelelo le mifanekiso mihle yemifanekiso eqingqiweyo baze banandiphe iziganeko zenkcubeko, umculo, imijuxuzo, kunye neendawo zokuthengisela ukutya zesintu ezilungiselelwa kulo mbhiyozo.
Ngosuku lwesixhenxe, olwaziwa ngokuba nguMaha Ashtami, abo bazinikeleyo benza imithandazo baze benze izithethe ezicokisekileyo zokuzukisa lo thixokazi. Usuku lwesibhozo, okanye uMaha Navami, lunikezelwe ekubhiyozeleni uloyiso lokulungileyo phezu kobubi. Kuthathwa njengento entle ukuvusa uthixokazi ngolu suku, kwaye abo bazinikeleyo benza iKumari Puja, apho intombazana encinci inqulwa njengomfanekiso wesithixokazi. Usuku lweshumi kunye nolokugqibela, olubizwa ngokuba yiVijayadashami, lubonisa ukucwiliswa kwezithixo emilanjeni okanye emanzini, ebonisa ukuhamba koothixokazi.
Umoya wobudlelwane kunye nokumanyana ungena kuwo wonke umnyhadala, njengoko abantu abavela kuzo zonke iindawo bedibana ukuze babhiyozele. I-Durga Puja inikezela ngeqonga lokubonisa kunye nokukhuthaza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yenkcubeko, njengokucula, ukudansa, idrama kunye nemiboniso yobugcisa. Ngaphaya koko, lo mnyhadala usebenza njengethuba lokuba iintsapho kunye nabahlobo badibane, batshintshiselane ngezipho, kwaye bazibandakanye kwimibhiyozo, kudala imvisiswano kunye nolonwabo.
Ukongeza kwintsingiselo yenkolo, iDurga Puja nayo inokubaluleka okukhulu kwezoqoqosho. Lo mnyhadala utsala inani elikhulu labakhenkethi, basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, abathontelana ukuya eKolkata ukuze babone ubungangamsha bemibhiyozo yeDurga Puja. Oku kuthontelana kweendwendwe kunempembelelo entle kuqoqosho lwengingqi, njengoko iihotele, iiresityu, iinkonzo zothutho, kunye namashishini amancinci akhula ngeli xesha.
Ukuqukumbela, iDurga Puja ngumthendeleko ongaqhelekanga odibanisa abantu ukuze babhiyozele uloyiso lokulungileyo phezu kobubi. Ngemihombiso yayo edlamkileyo, izithixo zobugcisa, kunye nemibhiyozo yenkcubeko, iDurga Puja ingumzekelo welifa lenkcubeko etyebileyo yaseIndiya. Lo mnyhadala awugcinanga ukubaluleka kwezenkolo nezenkcubeko kuphela kodwa ukwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuliseni uqoqosho lwasekhaya nasekukhuthazeni ubambiswano loluntu. I-Durga Puja ngokwenene iquka umoya wobunye kunye novuyo, iyenza ibe ngumbhiyozo oxabisekileyo kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka kunye neemvelaphi.
Umhlathi weDurga Puja kwiKlasi ye-6 kunye neye-5
UDurga Puja: I-Festive Extravaganza
UDurga Puja, okwaziwa ngokuba yiDurgotsav, ngomnye weyona mithendeleko ibalulekileyo yamaHindu ebhiyozelwa ngenzondelelo enkulu kunye nomdlandla eIndiya, ngakumbi kwiphondo laseNtshona Bengal. Ngumthendeleko weentsuku ezilishumi ophawula uloyiso lukathixokazi uDurga phezu kwedemon uMahishasura. Abantu abavela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bayadibana ukuze babhiyozele ukoyisa okulungileyo phezu kobubi ngeli xesha limnandi.
Amalungiselelo eDurga Puja aqala kwiinyanga kwangaphambili. Ummandla wonke uzele yimincili kunye nolindelo. Amagcisa kunye neengcibi baxakeke besenza izithixo zodongwe ezimangalisayo zikaThixokazi uDurga kunye namalungu osapho lwakhe - Lord Shiva, uthixokazi uLakshmi, Lord Ganesha, kunye noThixokazi uSaraswati. Ezi zithixo zihonjiswe kakuhle zaza zapeyintwa ngemibala eqaqambileyo ukuze ziphile.
Eyona nto inomtsalane yeDurga Puja yipalals ehonjiswe ngokucokisekileyo kunye nezikhanyayo. Ezi pandali zisebenza njengendawo yokuhlala yethutyana yezithixo zikathixokazi uDurga kwaye zivulelekile ukuba zibonwe ngabantu. I-pandal nganye iyilwe ngokukodwa, ibonisa imixholo eyahlukeneyo kunye nemiba yenkcubeko. Ukhuphiswano phakathi kweekomiti ze-puja ezahlukeneyo zokudala eyona pandal imangalisa kakhulu, kwaye abantu bajonge ngolangazelelo ukutyelela nokubancoma ngexesha lomnyhadala.
I-Durga Puja ayisosiganeko senkolo kuphela kodwa kunye nentlalontle kunye nenkcubeko. Abantu banxiba izinxibo zesintu, yaye umoya uzaliswe ziingoma zonqulo. Izitrato zihonjiswe zizibane ezimibalabala, yaye ivumba lokutya okumnandi lizalisa umoya. Kulo mnyhadala kuququzelelwa imisitho yenkcubeko equka umdaniso nomculo, nto leyo esongeza umoya wolonwabo.
Ngosuku lokuqala lweDurga Puja, eyaziwa ngokuba yiMalayaya, abantu bathandazela ookhokho babo baze bafune iintsikelelo zabo. Iintsuku ezine ezilandelayo zibhiyozelwa njengoDurga Puja, apho isithixo sikathixokazi uDurga sinqulwa ngokuzinikela okukhulu nangentlonipho. Usuku lwesihlanu, olubizwa ngokuba yiVijayadashami okanye iDussehra, lubonisa ukucwiliswa kwezithixo emilanjeni okanye kwezinye iindawo zamanzi. Eli siko lifanekisela ukubuya kukaThixokazi uDurga kwindawo yakhe yokuhlala yasezulwini.
Ukubaluleka kweDurga Puja kudlulela ngaphaya kweenkolelo zonqulo. Ikhuthaza umanyano nobuzalwana phakathi kwabantu beendawo neemvelaphi ezahlukeneyo. Lixesha apho izihlobo neentsapho zidibana kunye, zabelana ngovuyo nolonwabo. Ngexesha leDurga Puja, abantu bayakulibala ukungafani kwabo kwaye bazibandakanye kulonwabo kunye nobudlelwane, ukudala iinkumbulo ezihlala ubomi bonke.
Ukuqukumbela, iDurga Puja ngumthendeleko wokubaluleka kwenkcubeko kunye nenkolo. Lixesha apho abantu bahlanganisana ukuze babhiyozele uloyiso lokulungileyo phezu kobubi kunye nokufuna iintsikelelo zikaThixokazi uDurga. I-vibrancy kunye nobukhulu bomnyhadala bushiya impembelelo engapheliyo kuye nabani na obona imibhiyozo evuyisayo. I-Durga Puja iquka ngokwenene umoya wobunye, ukuzinikela kunye nothando, okwenza kube ngumthendeleko oxatyiswa zizigidi kwilizwe lonke.
Umhlathi weDurga Puja kwiKlasi ye-4 kunye neye-3
I-Durga Puja yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwaye zibhiyozelwa ngokubanzi kwiminyhadala e-Indiya, ngakumbi kwi-West Bengal. Iphawula uloyiso lwesithixokazi uDurga phezu kwedemon yenyathi uMahishasura. IDurga Puja ikwabizwa ngokuba yiNavaratri okanye iDurgotsav, kwaye ibonwa ngomdla omkhulu nokuzinikela kangangethuba leentsuku ezisithoba.
I-extravaganza ye-Durga Puja iqala nge-Malayaya, eyimini apho uthixokazi kukholelwa ukuba wehla waya kummandla wasemhlabeni. Ngeli xesha, abantu bavuka ekuseni ukuze baphulaphule ukuphindaphinda okumnandi kwe "Chandi Path," isibhalo esingcwele esizinikezelwe kuthixokazi uDurga. Umoya uzaliswe yinzondelelo nolindelo lwemibhiyozo ezayo.
Njengoko uqalisa umnyhadala, iipandali ezihonjiswe kakuhle, ezizizakhiwo zethutyana ezenziwe ngoqalo kunye nelaphu, zisekwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ezi pandali zisebenza njengendawo yokunqulela isithixokazi kananjalo njengeqonga lokubonisa ubuchule kunye nobuchule. Iipalali zihonjiswe ngemihombiso entsonkothileyo kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo ebonisa amabali asentsomini kunye nemiboniso yobomi besithixokazi.
Eyona nto inomtsalane kaDurga Puja sisithixokazi uDurga, esenziwe ngobuchule ngamagcisa anezakhono. Isithixo simela uthixokazi oneengalo zakhe ezilishumi, exhobe ngezixhobo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ekhwele ingonyama. Kukholelwa ukuba lo thixokazi ubonakalisa amandla obufazi yaye unqulwa ngenxa yamandla akhe, inkalipho nobabalo lwakhe lobuthixo. Abantu bathontelana ukuya kwiipalals ukuya kufuna iintsikelelo kuthixokazi baze banikele ngemithandazo neminikelo yabo.
Ngaphandle kwezithethe zonqulo, iDurga Puja ikwalixesha lemisitho yenkcubeko, umculo kunye nomdaniso. Iinkqubo zenkcubeko zihlelwe ngokuhlwa, zibonisa umculo wendabuko kunye neefom zomdaniso ezifana noDandiya noGarba. Abantu bayo yonke iminyaka bahlanganisana ukuze babhiyozele kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kule mibhiyozo, ukudala ingqiqo yobunye kunye novuyo.
Ngaphandle kwenkalo yenkolo, iDurga Puja ikwalixesha leendibano zoluntu kunye nokutya. Abantu bandwendwela ezindlwini zabo ukuze babulisane nangeentsikelelo. Iilekese zesiBengali ezimnandi kunye nezitya ezinencasa ziyalungiswa kwaye kwabelwana ngazo phakathi kosapho kunye nabahlobo. Lixesha apho abantu bezonwabisa ngokutya okutyebileyo kokupheka komnyhadala.
Usuku lokugqibela lwe-Durga Puja, eyaziwa ngokuba yiVijayadashami okanye iDussehra, ibonisa ukunqoba okulungileyo phezu kobubi. Ngaloo mini, izithixo zesithixokazi uDurga zintywiliselwa emanzini, zifanekisela ukubuyela kwakhe kwindawo yakhe yokuhlala. Umsitho wokuntywiliselwa emanzini ukhatshwa yimingcelele, ukubethwa kwamagubu nokuculwa kwengoma, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho umoya ochulumancisayo.
Ukuqukumbela, iDurga Puja ngumthendeleko omkhulu ozisa uvuyo, ukuzinikela, kunye nomoya wobunye phakathi kwabantu. Lixesha apho abantu bahlanganisana ukuze babhiyozele lo thixokazi, bafune iintsikelelo zakhe, baze bazijul’ ijacu kwintsingiselo yenkcubeko nenkolo yesi siganeko. I-Durga Puja ibambe indawo ekhethekileyo kwiintliziyo zabantu, kungekhona kuphela kwi-West Bengal kodwa nakwi-Indiya yonke, njengombhiyozo wamandla omfazi kunye noloyiso phezu kobubi.
10 Imigca Durga Puja
UDurga Puja ngomnye weminyhadala ebaluleke kakhulu kwaye edlamkileyo ebhiyozelwa eIndiya, ngakumbi kwilizwe laseNtshona Bengal. Lo mthendeleko uthatha iintsuku ezilishumi kwaye uzinikele ekunquleni uThixokazi uDurga. Isixeko siphela siphila ngebala, uvuyo, nenzondelelo yonqulo ngeli xesha.
Umthendeleko uqala ngoMalayaya, obonisa ukuqala kwemithendeleko. Amalungiselelo acokisekileyo ayenziwa ukwamkela uthixokazi, ngeepandals (izakhiwo zethutyana) zisekwe kuzo zonke iindawo nakwiikona zesixeko. Ezi pandali zihlotshiswe ngemihlobiso yokuyila, ebonisa imixholo eyahlukeneyo yeentsomi.
Isithixo sikaThixokazi uDurga, kunye nabantwana bakhe - uSaraswati, uLakshmi, uGanesha, kunye noKartikeya - yenziwe kakuhle kwaye ipeyintiwe. Izithixo zifakwa kwiipandals phakathi kweengoma kunye nemithandazo. Abazinikeleyo baphithizela ngamanani amakhulu ukuba benze imithandazo yabo kwaye bafune iintsikelelo kumama ongcwele.
Isandi se-dhak (imigqomo yendabuko) igcwalisa umoya njengoko umthendeleko uqhubeka. Amalungu emibutho yenkcubeko eyahlukahlukeneyo aziqhelanisa kwaye enze imidaniso emnandi efana noDhunuchi Naach kunye noDhakis (ababetha amagubu) badlala isingqi esichukumisayo. Abantu banxiba iimpahla zesintu kwaye bandwendwela iipandali imini nobusuku.
Ivumba elimnandi lezintonga zokuqhumisa, isandi somculo wesintu, kunye nokubona iipandal ezikhanyiswe kakuhle kwenza ukuba kubekho ukubukeka okumangalisayo. Ukutya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ngexesha leDurga Puja ngokunjalo. Izitalato zineevenkile ezithengisa ukutya okumnandi okunjenge puchka, bhel puri, kunye neelekese ezifana nesandesh kunye nerosogolla.
Umhla weshumi weDurga Puja, owaziwa ngokuba yiVijay Dashami okanye uDussehra, uphawula ukuphela komthendeleko. Izithixo zintywiliselwa emilanjeni okanye kwezinye iindawo zamanzi phakathi kweengoma ezingxolayo nezichwayitisayo. Eli siko lifuzisela ukuhamba kuka-Goddess Durga kwindawo yakhe yokuhlala, emva koko isixeko ngokuthe ngcembe sibuyela kwisigqi saso sesiqhelo.
I-Durga Puja ayikho nje umthendeleko wenkolo; ngamava adibanisa abantu abavela kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zobomi. Ikhuthaza ubunye, njengoko abantu bedibana ukuze babhiyozele kwaye bonwabe kumoya wolonwabo. Imibhiyozo yasasazeka kulo lonke ilizwe, idala isazisi senkcubeko esikhethekileyo kwiWest Bengal.
Ukuqukumbela, i-Durga Puja ngumthendeleko omkhulu apho ukuzinikela, ubugcisa, umculo, kunye nokutya kuhlangana ndawonye ukwenza umbhiyozo odlamkileyo. I-extravaganza yeentsuku ezilishumi bubungqina bobutyebi belifa lenkcubeko yaseIndiya. Lixesha lomanyano, uvuyo nelokomoya, lisenza iinkumbulo ezihlala zihleli ubomi babo bonke.