Global Warming Umhlathi 100 Amagama
Ubushushu bukazwe lonke ngumba ocinezelayo ochaphazela isijikelezi-langa sethu ngeendlela ezininzi. Ibhekisa ekunyukeni kwexesha elide kumndilili wobushushu bomhlaba ngenxa yezinto ezenziwa ngabantu, ikakhulu ukutshiswa kwamafutha efosili. Imiphumo yokufudumala kwehlabathi iya icaca ngakumbi, ngokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle, imozulu embi, kunye nokunyibilika komkhenkce. Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ibanzi, njengoko iphazamisa i-ikhosistim, ibeka emngciphekweni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kwaye ikhokelele ekutshabalaleni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukongezelela, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kunegalelo ekusasazekeni kwezifo ezosulelayo yaye kuyingozi kwimpilo yabantu. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo angxamisekileyo ukunciphisa ifuthe lokufudumala kwehlabathi nokukhusela ikamva lesijikelezi-langa sethu.
Isincoko sokufudumala kwehlabathi ngesiNgesi amagama angama-350
I-Global Warming Umhlathi weKlasi ye-10
Ubushushu bukazwe lonke ngumba oye wafumana ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngenxa yempembelelo yawo eyingozi kwisijikelezi-langa sethu. Ibhekiselele ekwenyukeni okuthe chu kwi-avareji yobushushu bomhlaba, obangelwa ikakhulu kukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse emoyeni. Njengoko ubuninzi bezi gesi, ezinjengekharbon diokside nemethane, zinyuka, zibamba ubushushu obungakumbi belanga, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunyukeni kwamaqondo obushushu.
Imiphumo yokufudumala kwehlabathi mikhulu kwaye ifikelela kude. Enye yezona ziphumo zibonakalayo kukunyibilika komkhenkce omhlophe. Oku akuphumeleli nje ekunyukeni kwamaqondo olwandle, ukoyikisa imimandla engaselunxwemeni kodwa kukwaphazamisa inkqubo yokuphilisana kwezidalwa kunye neendawo zokuhlala kwiintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana, eziquka iibhere ezimhlophe kunye noonombombiya. Ngaphezu koko, ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kubangela utshintsho kwimozulu, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiintlekele zendalo ezithe gqolo neziqatha njengeenkanyamba, izikhukula, nembalela. Ezi ziganeko zineempembelelo ezimbi kubomi babantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Ukongeza, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuchaphazela kakhulu ezolimo kunye nemveliso yokutya. Ukutshintsha kobushushu kunye neepateni zemvula kuchaphazela izivuno zezityalo, okubangela ukunqongophala kokutya kunye nokuhla kwamaxabiso. Ngaphezu koko, ukufudumala kweelwandle kuneempembelelo ezimbi kubomi baselwandle, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni i-coral ibe mhlophe kunye nelahleko yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kwindawo ecekethekileyo yokuphilisana kwezilwanyana nezityalo ezifana neecoral reef.
Iziphumo zokufudumala kwehlabathi zidlulela ngaphaya kokusingqongileyo. Ibeka imingeni ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yabantu. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunokubangela amaza obushushu, anokubulala, ngakumbi kubantu abasesichengeni. Ngaphezu koko, ukusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo ezifana nemalariya kunye nedengue fever kuququzelelwa ngamaqondo obushushu ashushu, ukwandisa uluhlu lwazo ukuya kwimimandla emitsha.
Ukujongana nokufudumala kwehlabathi kufuna intsebenziswano yehlabathi kunye nokusebenza ngokukhawuleza. Oorhulumente, imizi-mveliso kunye nabantu ngabanye kufuneka basebenzisane ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweegesi ze-greenhouse, ukutshintshela kwimithombo yamandla ezinzileyo, kwaye basebenzise iindlela zokusingqongileyo. Imfundo nokwazisa zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni abantu ukuba benze ukhetho oluzinzileyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso ejolise ekunciphiseni ukufudumala kwehlabathi.
Ukuqukumbela, ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngumba ocinezelayo oneziphumo ezibi kwisijikelezi-langa sethu. Ukunyibilika komkhenkce kwincam yomhlaba, utshintsho kwimozulu, ifuthe kwezolimo, ilahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, kunye nezoyikiso kwimpilo yabantu yimizekelo nje embalwa yomonakalo omkhulu owenziwe yile nto. Kuphela ngeenzame ezidibeneyo sinethemba lokunciphisa ukufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nokuqinisekisa ikamva elizinzileyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Isincoko sokufudumala kwehlabathi ngesiNgesi amagama angama-300
I-Global Warming Umhlathi weKlasi ye-9
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuyingozi enkulu kwisijikelezi-langa sethu nakubo bonke abemi baso. Lo mcimbi wokusingqongileyo ubhekiselele ekonyukeni okuthe gqolo kwi-avareji yobushushu boMhlaba ngenxa yokukhutshwa okugqithisileyo kweegesi zegreenhouse emoyeni. Imiphumo yokufudumala kwehlabathi iya icaca ngakumbi kwaye iyoyikisa.
Okokuqala, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuphazamisa ulungelelwano olubuthathaka lwenkqubo yethu yemozulu. Ukutshintsha kwamaqondo obushushu kakhulu kuphazamisa imijikelo yendalo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimeko ezinzima zemozulu ezinjengamaza obushushu, imbalela, kunye nezaqhwithi. Ezi zehlo zemozulu zibi kakhulu azipheleli nje kwintshabalalo enkulu kunye nelahleko yobomi kodwa zikwabeka emngciphekweni ubukho bemithombo yobutyebi efunekayo njengamanzi nokutya.
Okwesibini, ukunyibilika komkhenkce omhlophe kunye nomkhenkce yenye yezona ziphumo zibonakalayo zokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu. Njengoko ezi zintlu zomkhenkce zinyibilika, amaqondo olwandle ayenyuka, nto leyo ebeka esichengeni uluntu oluselunxwemeni kwihlabathi liphela. Ukunyamalala ngokuthe ngcembe kwezi zinto zimangalisayo zendalo kukwanemiphumo efikelela kude kwi-ikhosistim neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezixhomekeke kuzo.
Ngaphaya koko, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kusisisongelo kwizinto eziphila emhlabeni naselwandle. Ukutshintsha kweepateni zemozulu kunokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nemingeni yokufuduka kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo. Ukufudumala kweelwandlekazi kuphazamisa inkqubo yendalo eethe-ethe yaselwandle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iikorale zibe mhlophe, ukuncipha kweentlanzi, kwanokuphela kweentlobo ezithile zezilwanyana.
Okokugqibela, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kwandisa eminye imiba yokusingqongileyo, njengokungcoliswa komoya kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi. Amaqondo obushushu ashushu anegalelo ekwenziweni kwezingcolisi eziyingozi kwaye andise ukuphindaphindeka kunye nokuqina kwemililo yasendle. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho womoya uyehla, nto leyo echaphazela kakubi impilo yabantu.
Ukuqukumbela, ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngumba ongxamisekileyo nocinezelayo ochaphazela zonke iikona zesijikelezi-langa sethu. Imiphumo yayo ayibonakali nje namhlanje kodwa iya kuqhubeka ikhathaza izizukulwana ezizayo ukuba akuthathwa manyathelo akhawulezileyo. Ngokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse, ukutyala imali kwimithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo, sinamandla okunciphisa imiphumo yokufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nokugcina iplanethi yethu kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Isincoko sokufudumala kwehlabathi ngesiNgesi amagama angama-250
I-Global Warming Umhlathi weKlasi ye-8
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngumba ocinezelayo oye wafumana ingqalelo ebalulekileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ibhekiselele ekunyukeni kwexesha elide kwi-avareji yobushushu bomhlaba, obangelwa ikakhulu kukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse emoyeni. Lo mkhwa uneziphumo ezininzi ezingalunganga kwiplanethi yethu, ezichaphazela i-ikhosistim, imithombo yendalo, kunye nokuphila kwabantu.
Iimpembelelo zokufudumala kwehlabathi ziyabonakala kwihlabathi jikelele. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kukhokelela ekunyibilikeni komkhenkce kwincam yencam kunye nomkhenkce, nto leyo ephumela ekunyukeni kwamaqondo olwandle. Oku kusongela imimandla engaselunxwemeni kunye neendawo ezisemazantsi, kwandisa umngcipheko wezikhukula kunye neziphango. Ngaphaya koko, iziganeko zemozulu ezimandundu ezifana nezaqhwithi, imbalela, kunye namaza obushushu ziye zaxhaphaka kwaye zinamandla, zibangela iziphumo ezibi ebantwini nakwindalo esingqongileyo.
I-ecosystems nayo ichatshazelwa kakhulu kukufudumala kwehlabathi. Iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana ziyasokola ukuziqhelanisa neemeko zemozulu eziguquguqukayo, nto leyo ebeka esichengeni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Iingqaqa zekorale, ezaziwa ngokuba “ngamahlathi emvula olwandle,” zisengozini yokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni iikorale zibe mhlophe yaye ekugqibeleni zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Le lahleko yokwahlukana kwebhayoloji iphazamisa ulungelelwaniso lwendalo kwaye inokuba neziphumo eziguquguqukayo kulo lonke ikhonkco lokutya.
Ukongeza, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuyingozi kwimpilo yabantu nakwintlalontle. Ubushushu bunokubulala, ngakumbi kubantu abasesichengeni njengabantu abadala kunye nabantwana abancinci. Ukonyuka kongcoliseko lomoya, okusisiphumo sokutshiswa kwamafutha efosili, zenza mandundu iimeko zokuphefumla kwaye kunokukhokelela kwizigulo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ukutshintsha kwamaqondo obushushu kunye neepatheni zeemvula kukwachaphazela ezolimo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuncipheni kwezivuno zezityalo, ukunqongophala kokutya, kunye namaxabiso okutya aphezulu.
Ukuqukumbela, ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngumba wehlabathi lonke ekufuneka usonjululwe ngokukhawuleza. Ubume bayo obuxhaphakileyo kunye nemiphumo eyingozi kwi-ikhosistim, imithombo yendalo, kunye nentlalo-ntle yabantu yenza enye yeyona mingeni ibalulekileyo kwixesha lethu. Ukuthatha inyathelo elikhawulezileyo lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse, ukwamkela izenzo ezizinzileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo ekufuneka athatyathwe ukuthomalalisa iimpembelelo zokufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nokukhusela ikamva elizinzileyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Isincoko sokufudumala kwehlabathi ngesiNgesi amagama angama-200
I-Global Warming Umhlathi weKlasi ye-6
Ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngumba obalulekileyo wokusingqongileyo ochaphazela umhlaba wethu. Ibhekisa ekwenyukeni komndilili wobushushu bomhlaba, obangelwa ikakhulu kukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu. Njengoko ezi gesi ze<em>greenhouse, eziquka ikharbon diokside ne<em>methane, ziqokelelana emoyeni, zibamba ubushushu zize zibe negalelo ekufudumaleni kwesi sijikelezi-langa.
Imiphumo yokufudumala kwehlabathi ifikelela kude kwaye ibeka izisongelo ezinzulu kwisijikelezi-langa sethu nakuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kukhokelela ekunyibilikeni komkhenkce kwincam yencam kunye nomkhenkce, nto leyo ebangela ukunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle. Oku ke, kubeka imimandla eselunxwemeni emngciphekweni wokukhukula nokuntywiliselwa. Ngaphezu koko, iimeko zemozulu ezimandundu ezifana nezaqhwithi, imbalela, namaza obushushu ziye zaxhaphaka yaye ziqatsela, nto leyo ebeka esichengeni ngakumbi inkqubo yendalo kunye nebutho labantu.
Ukongeza, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuchaphazela i-ecosystems ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-biodiversity. Izilwanyana ezithile kunye neentlobo zezityalo azikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo zazo zokuhlala, ezikhokelela ekuphelisweni kwazo. Ngokomzekelo, iingqaqa zekorale zisesichengeni sokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iikorale zibe mhlophe kunye nokuwohloka kwenkqubo entsonkothileyo yendalo yaselwandle.
Ukuphelisa ukufudumala kwehlabathi, kubalulekile ukuba abantu, uluntu kunye noorhulumente bathathe amanyathelo ngokudibeneyo. Oku kuquka ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezizinzileyo, ezinjengokusebenzisa imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo, ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nokugcina izixhobo zokusebenza. Ukufundisa thina kunye nabanye ngokubaluleka kokukhuselwa kwendalo nako kunokuba negalelo kutshintsho oluhle.