Isingeniso
U-Bal Gangadhar Tilak owaziwa njengeqhawe laseNdiya lenkululeko nomholi owadela ngenxa yokuziqhenya kwezwe, u-Bal Gangadhar Tilak usengumuntu ohlonishwa kakhulu emlandweni waseNdiya.
Amagama ayi-100 Lokmanya Tilak Essay ngesiNgisi
Umholi wamaKhomanisi u-Bal Gangadhar Tilak wazalelwa esifundeni saseRatnagiri eMaharashtra, ngomhlaka-23 kuJulayi 1856, njengoKeshav Gangadhar Tilak. Itholakala eSangameshwar taluk, idolobhana lakubo lasendulo kwakunguChikhali. Lapho eneminyaka engu-16, uGangadhar Tilak washona, eshiya uTilak ubaba owayenguthisha wesikole.
Imizwa yakhe eshisekayo yobuzwe nokubamba iqhaza noma ukweseka imisebenzi yenguquko yayikhona kusukela esemncane. Ngokusho kwakhe, uPurna Swaraj kufanele abuswe yedwa, futhi akazange abize lutho olungaphansi kwalokho.
Izikhathi eziningi wagqunywa ejele ngenxa yokweseka kwakhe ngokuvulelekile ukulwa neBrithani. Nakuba ayecabanga ukuthi iCongress kufanele ithathe indlela eqinile yokufuna inkululeko kulandela i-Lucknow Pact ka-1916, wajoyina i-Indian National Congress ngemva kokusungulwa kwayo.
Amagama ayi-150 Lokmanya Tilak Essay ngesiNgisi
Wazalelwa eRajnagar ngoJulayi 22, 1856, uBal Ghangadhar Tilak wathuthela eNdiya ngo-1857. Uyise wayenguthisha wesikole, naphezu kokuphuma emndenini wasebukhosini. IPoona High School kwaba isikole sakhe sokuqala, kanti iDeccan College kwaba sesibili. Ngo-1879 kwaba unyaka athola ngawo iziqu zakhe zomthetho.
I-India yanamuhla yakhulelwa nguye, futhi ubuzwe base-Asia bangeniswa nguye. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, uMahatma Gandhi waba umbusi waseNdiya futhi ifilosofi yakhe ayikwazanga ukuphila. Ngesikhathi somzabalazo wenkululeko, uTilak wahlanganyela nabanye abalweli benkululeko. Ukulwa namaNgisi kwakuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokubuyisela amaBritish.
Iphephabhuku lesiMarathi elithi Thesauri laqalwa ngo-1881, kwaqalwa umagazini wesiNgisi, uMaratha, ngo-1882. I-Deccan Education Society yasungulwa nguye ngo-1885. Ngesikhathi uTilak eboshwe iminyaka eyisithupha ejele laseMandalay ngo-1905, wanikeza isiqubulo esidumile esithi, “USwarajya ubuzibulo bami.”
Waqala ukunyakaza kwe-Home Rule. Ubuzwe baseNdiya buhlonishwa kuTilak. Meyi 1, 1920, kwakuwusuku lokufa kwakhe.
Amagama ayi-300 Lokmanya Tilak Essay ngesiNgisi
I-Ratnagiri (Maharashtra) yayiyikhaya lika-Bal Gangadhar Tilak ngomhla ka-23 July 1856. Noma nini lapho ezwa izindaba zobuqhawe, wayejabule kakhulu. Kwakuyizindaba zikamkhulu wakhe ayemtshela zona. Izingalo zika-Bal Gangadhar zazamazama lapho elalele izingoma ezifana no-Nana Saheb, u-Tatya Tope, no-Rani wase-Jhansi.
Kwenziwa ukudluliselwa ePoona kuyise uGangadhar Pant. Wakwazi ukuvula isikole lapho esibizwa ngokuthi i-Angelo Bernakular. Esafunda u-matric, washada noSatyabhama eneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha. I-Deccan College kwakuyisikole afunda kuso ngemva kokuphothula ngempumelelo ukuhlolwa kwakhe kukamatikuletsheni. Iziqu ze-BA waklonyeliswa ngazo ngo-1877. Uthole amaphuzu okuphasa. Ngenxa yokuphasa ukuhlolwa kwezomthetho, wangeniswa endaweni yokucima ukoma.
U-Balwant Rao igama elinikezwe u-Bal Gangadhar Tilak ebuntwaneni bakhe. Amalungu omndeni nabangane bawo ayebabiza ngokuthi uBhali endlini. UBal Gangadhar Tilak uqanjwe ngoyise uGangadhar.
Kwethulwa amaphephandaba akhe amabili aphuma masonto onke. Bekunamaphephandaba amabili aphuma masonto onke, elilodwa lesiMarathi nelesiNgisi. U-Bal Gangadhar Tilak wayesebenza kakhulu phakathi nenkathi esuka ku-1890 kuya ku-1897. Ukusungulwa kobunikazi bakhe bezombusazwe kwenzeka ngalesi sikhathi. Njengoba abafundi bebakhuthaza, baqala ukubaqondisa.
Izingane akufanele zishade futhi abafelokazi kufanele bakhuthazwe ukuba bashade. Inhlangano kamasipala kaPoona iqoke uTilak ebhodini labaqondisi bayo. Ngemva kokumiswa koMkhandlu, uMkhandlu Wesishayamthetho waseBombay wawusabisa. I-Bombay University iphinde yamklomelisa ngokuhlanganyela. U-Oryan igama lencwadi ayibhala.
Abalimi endaweni bakhungethwe indlala enkulu ngo-1896, futhi wabasiza. URand, oyilungu elincane labasebenzi bakaPoona, wenze uhlelo lwePoona Lokunqanda Izifo. Icala lokubulala elibandakanya u-Rant lavulelwa u-Bhandari e-Bal Gangadhar. Ngo-1897, lokhu kwenzeka. I-Arctic Home in the Veedaj iyincwadi eyigugu eyabhalwa uBal Gangadhar ngesikhathi eboshiwe.
Kwakungosuku lukaDiwali ngo-1880 lapho uBal Gangadhar akhululwa ejele. Iphephandaba lezwe elibi lishicilele enye yezindaba zakhe ngo-Kesari. Ngobusuku bama-24 no-25 Juni 1907, waboshwa eBombay. Wadingiswa iminyaka eyisithupha. Wayeselahlekelwe kakhulu impilo ngo-July 1920. Ngo-1920, washona.
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Amagama ayi-400 Lokmanya Tilak Essay ngesiNgisi
Ekulweleni ukuzimela kweNdiya, kwahileleka abantu abaningi abadumile, kuhlanganise noLokmanya Tilak. Ukuboshwa kuka-Lokmanya Tilak kwaba umphumela wokubamba kwakhe iqhaza kanye nobuholi bakhe emikhankasweni eminingi yokuzimela kwezwe lethu kanye nokusungulwa kwe-Swaraj.
Ubaba wakhe kwakunguKeshav Gangadhar Tilak, owayaziwa nangokuthi uBal Gangadhar Tilak. Wazalwa ngo-23 July 1856 esifundeni saseRatnagiri eMaharashtra.
Yize esemncane, u-Bal Gangadhar Tilak wayenobuhlakani obumangalisayo. Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zakhe ePune, wathuthela eNew York. UTapibai wayeneminyaka engamashumi amabili lapho u-Lokmanya Tilak emshada. Njengothisha ngokomsebenzi, uTilak waqala ukufundisa esikoleni ngemva kokuqeda imfundo yakhe.
Ngemva kokuba u-Lokmanya Tilak enqume ukushiya umsebenzi wokufundisa futhi wakhetha ukuba yintatheli, waqala ukusebenza njengomsakazi futhi wahileleka emphakathini wakubo.
Kwakukhona ukuziphatha okubi okuningi kumaNdiya esikoleni nasekolishi ngabaseBrithani, into u-Lokmanya Tilak ayeyazi kahle. Ekuqaliseni uhlelo lwezemfundo oluguquguqukayo kanye nokugqugquzela ukushisekela izwe kubafundi baseNdiya, u-Lokmanya Tilak nabangane bakhe baqala izikole namakolishi amasha.
Ukuzimela kwamaNdiya kwamenyezelwa nguKeshav Gangadhar Tilak. Ukuphikisana kwakhe nohulumeni waseBrithani kwakunamandla.
"Swaraj ha majha janma sidha hakka ahe, ani mi to milavnarch" ibhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi ukuzimela kuyilungelo lami futhi ngizokunqoba. U-Tilak waphikisana nonya olwenziwa amaNgisi kumaNdiya. Ngemibhalo yakhe ethi “Kesari” kanye nethi “Maratha,” u-Lokmanya Tilak wasungula ukubaluleka kwenkululeko ezimpilweni zabantu. Ukuze ahlanganise abantu futhi alwele ukuzimela kwamaNdiya, wadala uGanesh Utsav (Ganesh Chaturthi).
Njengoba esebenzela inkululeko yeNdiya, waziwa ngokuthi uLokmanya Tilak. Ngenxa yaleli gama, uKeshav Gangadhar Tilak wayaziwa ngokuthi uLokmanya Tilak ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Njengomholi wokuqala wenhlangano yenkululeko yamaNdiya, wabizwa ngokuthi “uBaba wezibhelu zamaNdiya.”
U-Lokmanya Tilak waboshelwa ukuzimela kwamaNdiya. Ngo-August 1, 1920, waphefumula okokugcina ngemva kokuphila isikhathi eside nokukhiqizayo.
Amagama ayi-500 Lokmanya Tilak Essay ngesiNgisi
I-“Lokmanya” Bal Gandhar Tilak ibizwe ngokuthi “The Father of Indian Unrest” yizazi-mlando. UTilak waziwa ngeziqu ezimbili ezahlukene. Ithathwa ngabaseBrithani njengoyise wezinxushunxushu zamaNdiya. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ube ngumuntu wokuqala ukumelana noHulumeni wamaNgisi emelene nabantu baseNdiya. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, uHulumeni WaseBrithani eNdiya awuzange ubuye.
I-British Raj yaphoqa amaNdiya ukuthi aphile ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima ngenxa kaTilak. Wayeyindoda eyayibenza bazi ngamalungelo abo. Ubukhosi baseNdiya akufanele bunikezwe noma yiliphi izwe noma umuntu ngaphandle kwe-Tilak.
Ngokusho kwamaNdiya, ubengu “Lokmanya” okusho ukuthi ubeyindoda ehlonishwa ngabantu baseNdiya. Wamemezela ukuthi i-Swaraj (ukuzibusa) kwakuyilungelo lakhe lokuzalwa, futhi wonke amaNdiya azolithatha. Isiqubulo sakhe sasisezindebeni zawo wonke amaNdiya, futhi ngaphambi kukaGandhiji, waba ngowokuqala ukuthatha indlela ejule kangaka kumaNdiya.
Wayengumuntu wokuqala ukumelana neBritish Raj, kodwa ukuqonda kwakhe abantu kwakubanzi kakhulu. I-Ratnagiri iyidolobha elincane elingasogwini eNdiya lapho u-Tilak azalelwa khona ngoJulayi 23, 1856. Iziqu zakhe zeBachelor of Arts zaklonyeliswa ngezindondo ezisezingeni lokuqala. Ngemva kokuthola iziqu zakhe zomthetho, wasungula isikole esasigcizelela ubuzwe. UKesari noMaratha amaphephandaba awasungula. Womabili amaphepha agcizelele ukubaluleka komlando kwesiko laseNdiya kanye nokuzethemba (iSwadeshi).
Isakhiwo sezimali saseNdiya sonakaliswa uHulumeni waseBrithani ngemuva kokuthatha amandla ezombusazwe eNdiya. Esebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa zamaNdiya, uhulumeni waseBrithani wenza izimpahla wabe esebeka lezi zimpahla kumaNdiya okwakudingeka azithenge. Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi izimboni zabo zazivaliwe amaNgisi. E-India, abaseBrithani bakwazi ukuthola izinto zokusetshenziswa ezimbonini zabo bese bethengisa imikhiqizo yabo.
Ukuziphatha kukaHulumeni wamaNgisi kwamcasula uTilak ngoba kwaholela engcebweni yamaNgisi kanye nobumpofu bamaNdiya. Ukuze avuselele abantu base-India abangama-moribund, wasebenzisa amazwi amane:
- Ukuthengwa kwezimpahla zakwamanye amazwe
- Imfundo Kazwelonke
- Ukuzibusa
- I-Swadeshi noma Ukuzethemba
“Asinazo izikhali, kodwa asizidingi,” esho ezixukwini. Ukuduba (izimpahla zakwamanye amazwe) kuyisikhali sethu sezepolitiki esinamandla. Zibeke emsebenzini ukuhlela amandla akho ukuze bangakwazi ukwenqaba izimfuno zakho”
Ngemva kokushicilelwa kwezihloko ezabangela ukungezwani nezinkinga kuhulumeni waseBrithani ngo-1908, wadonsa iminyaka eyisithupha ejele. Ukuphawula okudumile nge-Bhagwad-Gita kwalotshwa eJele laseMandalay phakathi nalesi sikhathi seminyaka eyisithupha. Ngokubambisana ne-“India Home-rule League” ka-Annie Besant, u-Tilak wasungula “i-Poona Home-rule League”, eyasusa impikiswano enkulu kuhulumeni waseBrithani.
Kusukela ngo-1914 kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-August 1, 1920, wayengumholi ongenambangi waseNdiya. Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, wazinikela esizweni. I-Aryas yase-Arctic kanye ne-Geeta Rahasya yizincwadi ezimbili azibhala.
E-Maharashtra, uphinde wasungula imigubho emibili ayeyisebenzisa ukugqugquzela abantu ekulweleni inkululeko yezwe lethu. Imikhosi yakhe ye-Ganpati Jayanti kanye ne-Shivaji Jayanti yasheshe yaduma kakhulu e-Maharashtra ngenxa yemizamo yakhe.
E-Maharashtra nakwezinye izindawo eziningi zezwe, yomibili le mikhosi igujwa ngenjabulo nenjabulo. Ukuze avuse amaNdiya futhi awakhuthaze ukuthi alwele inkululeko, uTilak wenza konke ayengakwenza. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, waba negalelo elikhulu ezweni lethu.
Isiphetho se-Essay ku-Lokmanya Tilak ngesiNgisi
KwakuseBombay, eBritish India, mhla lu-1 kuNcwaba 1920 lapho u-Bal Gangadhar Tilak ashona khona eneminyaka engu-64.