Oonobangela beeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-100
Imidlalo, nangona ibhiyozelwa ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kweqela, ukomelela komzimba, kunye nokhuphiswano olusempilweni, ngamanye amaxesha inokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi. Oonobangela bezi ntlekele zininzi, kodwa bambalwa ababalaseleyo. Okokuqala, iziseko zophuhliso ezingonelanga kunye nolondolozo olulambathayo lunegalelo elikhulu kwiingozi. Umphezulu wokudlala ongcolileyo, izixhobo ezingafanelekanga, kunye nokungonelanga kwemilinganiselo yokulawula isihlwele kunokuba yintlekele ngexesha lemidlalo exinanisa kakhulu. Okwesibini, ukunqongophala koqeqesho olufanelekileyo kunye nokubekwa kweliso kwiimbaleki namagosa kunokunyusa umngcipheko weengozi. Ngaphandle kolwazi olufanelekileyo lwemithetho, imigaqo yokhuseleko, kunye nokomelela komzimba, iimbaleki kunye namagosa anokuzibeka emngciphekweni ngokungazi. Ekugqibeleni, uxinzelelo olunamandla lokuphumelela kunye nokubonisa intsebenzo ephawulekayo inokukhokelela abadlali ukuba baqhube imida yabo, ngamanye amaxesha bakhokelela ekulimazeni okubi. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuba imibutho yezemidlalo ibeke phambili amanyathelo okhuseleko, ityale imali kwiziseko ezingundoqo, kwaye ibonelele ngoqeqesho olubanzi lokuthintela iintlekele kwezemidlalo.
Oonobangela beeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-200
Imidlalo izisa uchulumanco, imincili, nobunye phakathi kwabalandeli nabadlali. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho iintlekele zenzeka ngexesha lemidlalo, yonakalisa amava amnandi. Ukuqonda izizathu ezibangela iintlekele ezinjalo kubalulekile ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphinda kwazo kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lomntu wonke ochaphazelekayo.
Unobangela ophambili we Iintlekele kwezeMidlalo azanelanga iziseko zophuhliso. Amabala emidlalo angalungiswanga kakuhle, izixhobo eziphelelwe lixesha, kunye nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko enganelanga kunokukhokelela kwiingozi neentlekele. Umzekelo, ukudilika kwezakhiwo zebala lezemidlalo okanye izixhobo ezingasebenzi kakuhle kunokubangela ukwenzakala okumandundu okanye nokufa. Ngokufanayo, ukungonelanga kwemilinganiselo yokulawula isihlwele kunokukhokelela ekugxininiseni okanye ukuxinana, okukhokelela kwisiphithiphithi nokwenzakala.
Enye into enegalelo kukunqongophala kocwangciso nonxibelelwano olululo. Ukungonelanga kovavanyo lomngcipheko kunye neeprothokholi zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kunokuthintela amanyathelo akhawulezayo kunye asebenzayo ngexesha lentlekele. Ukungaqeqeshwa ngokwaneleyo kwabasebenzi, ukungonelanga kwezibonelelo zonyango, nokungabikho kweendlela zokufuduka kuyenza ibe mandundu ngakumbi imeko.
Ngaphezu koko, ukuziphatha kwabalandeli kusenokuba negalelo kwiintlekele zemidlalo. Ukuziphatha okungalawulekiyo, njengobundlobongela, i-hooliganism, okanye ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwe-pyrotechnics, kunokukhokelela ekulimaleni nasekutshatyalalisweni. Ukongezelela, amabala emidlalo axineneyo kunye nokungabikho kokhuseleko olufanelekileyo kunokwandisa amathuba okuba kwenzeke iziganeko eziyingozi.
Ukuqukumbela, iintlekele kwezemidlalo zenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukungonelanga kweziseko zophuhliso, ucwangciso olulambathayo, kunye nokuziphatha kwabalandeli. Ukujongana nezi zizathu ngokuphuculwa kweendawo zamabala emidlalo, iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zikaxakeka, kunye nokunyanzeliswa ngokungqongqo kolawulo lwabantu abaninzi kunokuncedisa ukuthintela iintlekele kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweembaleki kunye nababukeli.
Oonobangela beeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-300
Iintlekele zeMidlalo ziziganeko ezibuhlungu ezenzeka ngexesha leemidlalo zezemidlalo, ezibangela ukulimala okukhulu, ukulahlekelwa ubomi, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwezemidlalo. Ezi ziganeko zinokuba nemiphumo eyintlekele, zingachaphazeli kuphela iimbaleki ezibandakanyekileyo kodwa kwanababukeli nodumo lwalo mdlalo. Ukuqonda oonobangela bezi ntlekele kubalulekile ekuthinteleni izehlo ezinje ukuba zenzeke kwixesha elizayo. Esi sincoko siza kuchaza ezinye zezona zizathu ziphambili zeentlekele kwezemidlalo.
Iziseko zebala lemidlalo:
Ukungonelanga kweziseko zophuhliso lwamabala emidlalo ngoyena nobangela uphambili weentlekele zemidlalo. Amabala emidlalo okanye amabala emidlalo angakhiwanga kakuhle anemilinganiselo yokhuseleko enganelanga anokukhokelela kwiziganeko eziyingozi. Ngokomzekelo, intlekele yaseHillsborough ngowe-1989 yabonisa iingozi zokuxinana nokunqongophala kweendlela zokulawula isihlwele, nto leyo eyaphumela ekufeni kwabantu abangama-96. Ngokufanayo, ukuwa kwesakhiwo ngenxa yomsebenzi ongekho mgangathweni wokwakha nako kunokubangela iintlekele ezinxulumene nemidlalo.
Ukunqongophala koKhuseleko kunye noLawulo lweSininzi:
Imisitho yezemidlalo itsala abantu abaninzi, kwaye amanyathelo okhuseleko angasebenziyo kunye nolawulo lwabantu abaninzi kunokuba negalelo kwiintlekele. Ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi bokhuseleko, iindlela ezingafanelekanga zokulawula isihlwele, kunye nokusilela ukulawula indlela yokuziphatha engalawulekiyo kunokukhokelela kungquzulwano, udushe, kunye nongquzulwano phakathi kwamaqela abalandeli abakhuphisanayo. Uqhankqalazo lwebala lezemidlalo lasePort Said lwango-2012, olwasuba ubomi babantu abangaphezu kwama-70, lusebenza njengesikhumbuzo esibi ngeziphumo zokungalawuleki kwabantu ngokwaneleyo.
UNgxamiseko lwezoNyango kunye nokunqongophala kweZibonelelo zonyango:
Iimeko ezingxamisekileyo zonyango ngexesha leemidlalo zezemidlalo zinokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwiintlekele ukuba azizange zilungiswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye zichaneke ngokwaneleyo. Ukusondela kumaziko ezonyango, ukufumaneka kwabasebenzi bezonyango, kunye nokunikezelwa kwezixhobo zonyango ezifanelekileyo kwindawo yonke zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekuthinteleni iintlekele ezinxulumene nemidlalo. Ukubanjwa kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okufunyenwe nguBolton Wanderers 'Fabrice Muamba ngexesha lomdlalo kwi-2012 kugxininise ukubaluleka kokulungela ukuphatha iimeko eziphuthumayo zonyango.
Isiphelo:
Ukuthintela iintlekele kwezemidlalo kufuna iindlela ezininzi ezijongana nezizathu zezi ziganeko. Ukuphucula iziseko zebala lemidlalo, ukuphumeza amanyathelo okhuseleko asebenzayo, ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olululo lwezihlwele, kunye nokubeka phambili ubukho boncedo lwezonyango ngexesha ngamanyathelo ayimfuneko ekuthinteleni iziganeko ezitshabalalisayo. Ngokuqaphela ezi zizathu kunye nokuphumeza amanyathelo asebenzayo, uluntu lwezemidlalo lunokusebenzela ekudaleni indawo ezikhuselekileyo kubadlali kunye nababukeli, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imidlalo inokuyonwatyelwa njengemisitho emanyeneyo neyonwabisayo emele ukuba yiyo.
Oonobangela beeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-400
Isihloko: Oonobangela beeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo
Intshayelelo:
Imidlalo idume kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ithathwa njengeyona ndlela yokuzonwabisa, ukusebenzisana kunye nokuba sempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, nangona imiba emihle enxulumene nemidlalo, iintlekele zisenokwenzeka. Esi sincoko sijonge ukukhangela oonobangela beentlekele kwezemidlalo. Iintlekele ezinjalo zinokusuka kwiingozi kunye nokulimala ukuya kwiziganeko ezinkulu ezibeka esichengeni ukhuseleko lomdlali kwaye ziphazamise ingqibelelo yomdlalo.
Ukusilela kweZixhobo:
Oyena nobangela uphambili weentlekele kwezemidlalo kukusilela kwezixhobo. Oku kunokubandakanya izixhobo ezingalunganga okanye ezingasebenzi kakuhle njengezixhobo zokukhusela, indawo yokudlala, okanye iimeko zokusingqongileyo ezifana neemeko zemozulu ezimbi. Ngokomzekelo, i-helmet yebhola engasebenzi kakuhle ingakhokelela ekulimazeni kakhulu entloko kubadlali. Ngokufanayo, inkundla yentenetya emtyibilizi ngenxa yokungakhathalelwa ngokwaneleyo okanye imozulu emanzi inokubangela ukuba abadlali batyibilike bawe, nto leyo ebeka emngciphekweni wokwenzakala okukhulu.
Impazamo yoMntu:
Iimpazamo ezenziwa ngabadlali, abaqeqeshi, oosompempe, okanye ababukeli nazo zinokukhokelela kwiintlekele kwezemidlalo. Ngokomzekelo, ukusilela ukulandela imithetho nemigaqo yomdlalo kunokuphumela kwimiphumo eyintlekele. Uqeqesho olunganelanga, ukudinwa, kunye nokugweba kakubi kwabantu ababandakanyekayo kwimidlalo nako kunokuba negalelo kwiziganeko ezingathandekiyo.
Ukuzibhokoxa kakhulu kunye nokunqongophala kokulungiselela:
Omnye unobangela obalulekileyo weentlekele zezemidlalo kukuzibhokoxa ngokugqithiseleyo nokungabikho kwamalungiselelo afanelekileyo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekudinweni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, oko kwandisa amathuba okuba neengozi kunye nokwenzakala. Iimbaleki ezizityhalayo ngaphaya kwamandla abo omzimba okanye amaqela angakuhoyiyo ukubaluleka kokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa phantsi aqhelene ngakumbi neengozi.
Ukuziphatha kakubi ngabom:
Kwezinye iimeko ezingathandekiyo, iintlekele kwezemidlalo zinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yokuziphatha kakubi ngabom. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuqhatha, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi, okanye izenzo ezikhohlakeleyo ezenziwa ngabadlali, abaqeqeshi, okanye ababukeli. Ezo zenzo azigcini nje ngokubeka esichengeni ukhuseleko lwabadlali kodwa zikwangcolisa umoya nokulunga komdlalo ngokwawo.
Isiphelo:
Ngoxa imidlalo ngokuqhelekileyo igqalwa njengomthombo wolonwabo nolwalamano, oonobangela beentlekele kwezemidlalo abafanele batyeshelwe. Ukuqonda nokujongana naba nobangela kusenokunceda ekuthinteleni iintlekele ezinjalo kuze kuqinisekise amava akhuselekileyo, nayonwabisa ngakumbi kubo bonke ababandakanyekileyo. Ngokugxininisa ekuthembekeni kwezixhobo, ukunciphisa iimpazamo zabantu, ukugxininisa uqeqesho olufanelekileyo nokulungiselela, nokuphelisa ukuziphatha kakubi ngabom, sinokuzama ukwenza imidlalo ibe yindawo ekhuselekileyo nelungileyo kubadlali nakubabukeli ngokufanayo.
Oonobangela beeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-500
Imidlalo isebenza njengeqonga lomntu ngamnye lokubonisa izakhono zabo kwezemidlalo, babonise umoya wabo wokhuphiswano, kwaye bahlanganise uluntu. Noko ke, kukho iimeko ezilusizi xa iintlekele zisenzeka ebudeni bemidlalo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwenzakaleni, kuphakuko, kwanokufa kwabantu. Ezi ntlekele zinokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukususela kukusilela kwesakhiwo ukusa kwiimpazamo zabantu. Esi sincoko sijonge ukubonelela ngohlalutyo oluchazayo lwezizathu ezinegalelo kwiintlekele kwezemidlalo.
Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zeentlekele kwezemidlalo kukunqongophala kweziseko zophuhliso kunye nezibonelelo. Amabala emidlalo kunye namabala emidlalo kufuneka ahlangabezane nemigangatho ethile yokhuseleko ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo-ntle yeembaleki, amagosa kunye nababukeli. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi zakhiwo zakhiwe kakubi okanye zinqongophala ngokufanelekileyo, ziba sesichengeni kwiintlekele. Izitendi ezidilikayo, iinkqubo zombane ezingasebenzi kakuhle, iindawo zokuphuma ezingxamisekileyo, okanye imiqobo ebuthathaka, konke oku kunokukhokelela kwiingozi nokwenzakala. Umzekelo, ukudilika kophahla lwebala lezemidlalo okanye iiblitshi kunokubangela iingxwelerha kunye nomonakalo omkhulu.
Ngaphaya koko, izenzo kunye nokuziphatha kwabantu ababandakanyekayo kwimisitho yezemidlalo nako kunokuba negalelo kwiintlekele. Ukungaqeqeshwa ngokwaneleyo, ukungakhathali, okanye izenzo ezigwenxa ngabom zinokuba nemiphumo emibi. Iimbaleki ezisebenzisa iziyobisi eziphucula umgangatho womdlalo, umzekelo, zibeka emngciphekweni impilo yazo kunye nesidima somdlalo. Ngokufanayo, amagosa angayihoyi imimiselo yokhuseleko okanye abathathi-nxaxheba ababonakalisa ukuziphatha okunobundlobongela banokubangela iziganeko ezinokunyuka zibe ziintlekele. Kubalulekile ukukhuthaza inkcubeko yoxanduva kunye nokuphendula phakathi koluntu lwezemidlalo ukunciphisa izehlo ezinjalo.
Ukongezelela, ukungaqiniseki kweemeko zemozulu kubangela ingozi enkulu kwimidlalo yezemidlalo. Iintlekele zendalo ezifana neendudumo, iinkanyamba, okanye iinyikima zinokuphazamisa okanye zirhoxise ukhuphiswano, zibeke esichengeni abathathi-nxaxheba kunye nababukeli ngokufanayo. Ukunqongophala kwezicwangciso ezizizo ezinokwenzeka kunye neeprothokholi ezingxamisekileyo ngexesha lezehlo ezinjalo kukhulisa umngcipheko kunye neempembelelo ezinokuthi zibe khona zeentlekele. Kwiimeko ezininzi, amacebo okufuduka angonelanga okanye unxibelelwano olungonelanga lwandisa imiphumo yeentlekele ezinxulumene nemozulu.
Ngelixa itekhnoloji iphucule kakhulu imilinganiselo yokhuseleko lwezemidlalo, inokuba ngunobangela weentlekele xa isetyenziswa ngokungakhathali okanye ngokungafanelekanga. Ukwanda kokuxhaphaka kokusetyenziswa kwedrone ngexesha lemisitho yezemidlalo, umzekelo, kunokubeka umngcipheko omkhulu. Ukuba ayisetyenziswanga kakuhle, iidrones zinokungqubana neembaleki, ababukeli, okanye izixhobo, ezikhokelela kumonzakalo omkhulu. Ukongeza, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwetekhnoloji, okufana neebhodi zamanqaku ze-elektroniki ezingalunganga okanye iinkqubo zexesha, kunokuphazamisa ukhuphiswano kwaye kunokubangela isiphithiphithi.
Okokugqibela, ukuxinana ngexesha lemidlalo ngomnye unobangela obalulekileyo weentlekele. Xa iindawo okanye izibonelelo zigqithisa umthamo wazo, ibeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwizakhiwo, ukuphuma ngexesha likaxakeka, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwabantu abaninzi. Iindlela ezingonelanga zokulawula isihlwele ezidityaniswe nokuphakuzela okanye ukuziphatha okufana nesitampu kunokubangela ukwenzakala okanye nokufa. Kubalulekile ukuba abaququzeleli bemisitho banyanzelise imigaqo engqongqo kwaye bathobele izikhokelo zokhuseleko ukuthintela iintlekele ezinxulumene nokuxinana.
Ukuqukumbela, oonobangela beentlekele kwezemidlalo bahlukene yaye baneenkalo ezininzi. Iziseko zophuhliso ezingonelanga, iimpazamo zabantu, iimeko zemozulu ezingalindelekanga, ukusetyenziswa ngokungenankathalo kobugcisa, nokuxinana kwabantu, konke oko kunegalelo kwezi ziganeko zilishwa. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weentlekele, kubalulekile ukubeka phambili amanyathelo okhuseleko, ukunyanzelisa imimiselo, kunye nokukhuthaza inkcubeko yokuphendula phakathi koluntu lwezemidlalo. Ngokwenza njalo, imisitho yezemidlalo inokuqhubeka ukonwatyelwa njengamaxesha olonwabo, ubuhlobo, kunye nokhuphiswano olusempilweni kuye wonke umntu obandakanyekayo.