Iintlobo zeeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-100 Amagama
Iintlekele zeMidlalo inokuza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ibangele isiphithiphithi kunye neentlekele ebaleni nangaphandle. Olunye uhlobo lwentlekele kukwenzakala emzimbeni okanye ingozi eyenzeka ebudeni bemidlalo. Oku kunokususela kwi-sprains encinci kunye ne-sprains ukuya kumonzakalo onzima ngakumbi njengamathambo aphukileyo okanye ukuxhuzula. Olunye uhlobo kukuwa okanye ukusilela kweziseko ezingundoqo zemidlalo, ezinje ngokucocwa kwebala lemidlalo okanye uphahla, okukhokelela kwingxwelerha enkulu. Ukongeza, iintlekele ezinxulumene nesihlwele zinokwenzeka, njengezigxivizo okanye udushe, ezikhokelela kukwenzakala kunye nokufa. Iintlekele zendalo, kuquka iinkanyamba okanye iinyikima, zinokuchaphazela imicimbi yezemidlalo kwaye zibeke emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lwabadlali kunye nababukeli. Ngokubanzi, uluhlu lweentlekele kwimidlalo lusebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokubaluleka kokulungela kunye nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko kule ntsimi ekhuphisanayo kakhulu kwaye engalindelekanga.
Iintlobo zeeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-200 Amagama
Iindidi zeeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo
Imidlalo izisa uchulumanco, ukhuphiswano, nobudlelwane kwizigidi zabantu kwihlabathi jikelele. Noko ke, ngamanye amaxesha iintlekele zinokubakho, zibangele isiphithiphithi nokuphazamiseka. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentlekele ezinokuthi zenzeke kummandla wezemidlalo, ezinokuthi zihlelwe kwiintlekele zendalo, ukusilela kwezobugcisa kunye neempazamo zabantu.
Iintlekele zemvelo, ezinjengeenyikima, izaqhwithi, nezikhukula zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimidlalo. Ezi zehlo zingalindelekanga zinokukhokelela ekunqunyanyisweni okanye ekurhoxisweni kwemidlalo, nto leyo eshiya iimbaleki kunye nababukeli bexakiwe okanye benzakele.
Ukungaphumeleli kobugcisa, kubandakanywa ukuwa kwesakhiwo okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo, kunokubeka ingozi enkulu kwimidlalo. Ukuwohloka kwamaphahla ebala lemidlalo, ukusilela kwezibane, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweebhodi zamanqaku zombane kunokuphazamisa umdlalo kwaye kusenokubangela ukwenzakala okanye ukufa.
Iimpazamo zabantu, nokuba ziimbaleki, oosompempe, okanye abaququzeleli, nazo zinokukhokelela kwiintlekele kwezemidlalo. Iimpazamo ekugwebeni, izigqibo ezingafanelekanga, okanye ukucwangciswa ngokungafanelekanga kunye nokuphunyezwa kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi okanye iimpikiswano ezingcolisa ingqibelelo yomdlalo.
Ukuququmbela, Iintlekele kwezeMidlalo inokuvela kwizizathu zendalo, ukusilela kobugcisa, okanye iimpazamo zabantu. Kubalulekile ukuba imibutho yezemidlalo kunye nabasemagunyeni babeke phambili ukhuseleko kwaye baqinisekise amanyathelo okuthintela afanelekileyo. Ngokwenjenjalo, iingozi ezinxulumene nezemidlalo zinokuncitshiswa, yaye kusenokunikelwa ingqalelo kulonwabo nakulonwabo oluziswa yimidlalo kubomi babantu.
Iintlobo zeeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-350 Amagama
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo imidlalo ibangela imincili yaye ibangela imincili, kodwa isenokujamelana neentlekele. Ukusuka kwiingozi ukuya kwiziganeko ezingalindelekanga, iintlekele zezemidlalo zingenzeka kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Ezi ntlekele aziphazamisi nje kuphela ukuhamba komdlalo kodwa zibeka imingcipheko kukhuseleko kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwabadlali kunye nababukeli. Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlekele kwimidlalo kubalulekile ukwenzela ukukhusela kunye nokuphendula ngokufanelekileyo kwezi ziganeko ezingalindelekanga.
Uhlobo olunye lwe Intlekele yezemidlalo kukuwa kwebala. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo okanye iimeko zemozulu ezimbi. Ukuwa kwebala lemidlalo kunokukhokelela ekwenzakaleni okanye nasekufeni, okubangela umonakalo omkhulu kunye neziphumo zomthetho kumaqela anoxanduva.
Olunye uhlobo lwentlekele kukugxothwa kwababukeli. Xa inyambalala yabantu ihlanganisana ukuza kubukela imidlalo, ukuxinana kunokukhokelela kwisiphithiphithi noloyiko. Ukuba ayilawulwa ngendlela eyiyo, oku kunokubangela ukuba kubekho iingxilimbela ezibangela iingxwelerha kunye nokwenzakala. Kubalulekile ukuba abaququzeleli bemisitho baphumeze izicwangciso zolawulo lwabantu abaninzi ukuthintela ezi ntlekele.
Ukulimala kwabadlali kuyindlela eqhelekileyo yentlekele yezemidlalo. Ngelixa imidlalo ngokwemvelo ibandakanya ukunxibelelana ngokomzimba kunye nokuzibhokoxa, ngamanye amaxesha iingozi zenzeke ezinokukhokelela kumonzakalo omkhulu. Ukusuka kwiintlungu zemisipha ukuya kwi-fractures, oku kwenzakala kunokuba nemiphumo ehlala ixesha elide kwimisebenzi yabadlali kunye nempilo yonke. Uqeqesho olufanelekileyo, izixhobo kunye nenkxaso yezonyango inokunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko weziganeko ezinjalo.
Kwezinye iimeko, iintlekele zemvelo zisenokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimidlalo. Iinyikima, iinkanyamba, okanye iindudumo ezinamandla zinokuphazamisa imidlalo kwaye zibeke emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lweembaleki kunye nababukeli. Izicwangciso ezifanelekileyo zokulungela iintlekele kufuneka zibekho ukuze kukhuselwe ezi zehlo zingalindelekanga, kuqinisekiswe ukufuduswa okukhawulezileyo kunye nokhuseleko lwabo bonke abantu ababandakanyekayo.
Ukuqukumbela, iintlekele zemidlalo zisenokwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukususela ekuweni kwebala lemidlalo ukusa kungxishino lwababukeli, ukwenzakala kweimbaleki neentlekele zemvelo. Kubalulekile ukuba imibutho yezemidlalo kunye nabaququzeleli bemisitho babeke phambili amanyathelo okhuseleko kunye nokulungela iintlekele ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kunye nefuthe lezi ziganeko. Ngokuqonda kunye nokujongana nemingcipheko, sinokuqinisekisa ukuba imidlalo ihlala iyinto eyonwabisayo kwaye ikhuselekile kubo bonke ababandakanyekayo.
Iintlobo zeeNtlekele kwezeMidlalo Isincoko ali-400 Amagama
Iintlobo zeentlekele kwezemidlalo
Imidlalo idla ngokunxulunyaniswa novuyo, uchulumanco, kunye nemvo yobudlelwane phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba nababukeli. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko xa iintlekele zihlasela, zidala isiphithiphithi kunye neentlekele kwihlabathi lezemidlalo. Kwesi sincoko, siza kuphonononga iindidi ngeendidi zeentlekele ezinokuthi zenzeke kwimidlalo, zikhanyise ngeengozi ezinokubakho eziza nokusukela imizamo yemidlalo.
Olunye lwezona ntlobo zitshabalalisayo zeentlekele kwezemidlalo kukwenzeka kokusilela kwesakhiwo. Ukuwohloka kwebala lemidlalo, njengentlekele yaseHillsborough yaseNgilani ngowe-1989, apho ukuxinana kwabantu kwakhokelela kwingozi eyabulalayo, okanye ukuwa kwebala lebhola eGhana ngowama-2001, kubonisa imiphumo eyintlekele enokubangelwa bubuthathaka beziseko zoncedo. Ezi ziganeko zisebenza njengezikhumbuzo zokuba ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yokhuseleko kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni impilo-ntle yabo bonke ababandakanyekayo.
Olunye uhlobo lwentlekele lunxulumene neemeko zemozulu ezimandundu. Imisitho efana neeOlimpiki zasehlotyeni zika-1996 e-Atlanta, ezathi zehlelwa kukuqhushumba kwebhombu yabanqolobi, okanye iBlizzard Bowl edume kakubi kwisizini ye-NFL's 1982, apho ikhephu elinamandla lenze iimeko zaphantse ukuba zingakwazi ukudlala, ziqaqambisa imiceli mngeni engalindelekanga enokubangelwa yimozulu. Ezi ntlekele aziphazamisi kuphela umcimbi wezemidlalo ngokwawo kodwa zinokubeka abathathi-nxaxheba kunye nababukeli emngciphekweni.
Ngapha koko, iintlekele zinokuvela ngenxa yokusilela kwezixhobo. Kwimidlalo yemoto, ukungasebenzi kakuhle koomatshini kunokubangela iingozi ezibuhlungu, ezinje ngengozi ka-1994 ye-Ayrton Senna ngexesha leSan Marino Grand Prix. Ngokufanayo, ukunqongophala kwezixhobo zokukhusela kunokukhokelela kukwenzakala okuyingozi okanye kwanokufa, njengoko kubonakala kwimeko yeembethi-manqindi okanye amagcisa omkhosi wekarate athwaxwa ziintloko okanye iipadding ezingafanelekanga.
Okokugqibela, iimpazamo zabantu nokuziphatha kakubi kunokubangela iintlekele kwezemidlalo. Iimeko zobundlobongela phakathi kwabadlali okanye abalandeli, njengobugwenxa buka-2004 kwiBhotwe kwi-NBA, apho kwaqhambuka umlo phakathi kwabadlali nababukeli, bonakalise igama lomdlalo kwaye kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo zomthetho.
Ekuqukumbeleni, ngoxa imidlalo idla ngokuba ngumthombo wovuyo nomanyano, inokuba sesichengeni seentlekele. Ukungaphumeleli kolwakhiwo, imozulu, izixhobo kunye nokungaphumeleli kwabantu kunokubeka imingcipheko enzulu kukhuseleko kunye nentlalontle yabadlali kunye nababukeli ngokufanayo. Kubalulekile ukuba abalawuli bezemidlalo, abaphuhlisi beziseko zophuhliso, kunye namabhunga olawulo abeke phambili amanyathelo okhuseleko kwaye aphumeze izilumkiso ezifanelekileyo zokuthintela iintlekele ezinje ukuba zenzeke kwixesha elizayo. Kuphela ngokuqwalasela ngenkuthalo ukhuseleko sinokuthi siqinisekise ukuba imidlalo ihlala iyinto eyakhayo kwaye iphakamisa bonke ababandakanyekayo.